EVOLUSI DABT AL-QURAN DAN STANDARDIDASI MASHAF DI MALAYSIA: ANALISIS SEJARAH GUNAAN TERHADAP PERANAN LEMBAGA PENGAWALAN DAN PELESENAN PENCETAKAN AL-QURAN - LPPPQ

(The Evolution Of Dabt Al-Quran And Mushaf Standardization In Malaysia: An Applied History Analysis Of The Role Of Qur’anic Text Printing  Control And Licensing Board - LPPPQ)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kepelbagaian tradisi tanda bacaan dalam mashaf import, risiko ralat percetakan dan peluasan penerbitan digital menuntut suatu mekanisme standardisasi yang dapat menjamin ketepatan teks al-Quran di Malaysia. Kajian ini menganalisis bagaimana sejarah evolusi dabt al-Quran berfungsi sebagai sumber autoriti, alat diagnosis dan asas kesinambungan institusi dalam tadbir urus mashaf oleh Lembaga Pengawalan dan Pelesenan Pencetakan Al-Quran (LPPPQ). Kajian kualitatif berasaskan Sejarah Gunaan ini menggunakan analisis kandungan, kritikan sumber dan perbandingan sejarah terhadap dua karya klasik dabt, Akta Pencetakan Teks Al-Qur'an 1986 yang dikemas kini setakat 1 September 2023, garis panduan Kementerian Dalam Negeri (KDN) bagi pruf akhir dan penerbitan digital, serta literatur berkaitan sejarah mashaf dan Sejarah Gunaan. Analisis dioperasikan melalui lima langkah: mengenal pasti masalah kontemporari, menelusuri masalah sejarah yang sebanding, mengenal pasti prinsip penyelesaian klasik, meneliti terjemahannya dalam prosedur moden dan menilai batas analogi. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa hubungan klasik-moden tidak berbentuk penyalinan langsung, tetapi kesinambungan fungsi: inovasi nuqat dan harakat yang dahulu mengurangkan kekaburan bacaan kini diterjemahkan kepada rujukan Rasm Uthmani, penetapan naskhah piawai, semakan berlapis, perakuan pruf akhir, kawalan import serta prosedur khusus bagi aplikasi digital. Sumbangan utama artikel ialah memperkenalkan dabt al-Quran sebagai kes Sejarah Gunaan dalam tadbir urus teks suci, dengan sejarah berperanan menjelaskan mengapa standard diperlukan, menyediakan bahasa teknikal untuk pengesahan dan membentuk memori institusi bagi kawalan mutu. Kajian ini turut menegaskan bahawa bukti awam yang tersedia menunjukkan kesinambungan genealogi dan fungsi, tetapi belum memadai untuk membuktikan bahawa setiap keputusan LPPPQ dibuat melalui rujukan langsung kepada sesuatu kitab turath tertentu.

ABSTRACT

The coexistence of different recitational-sign traditions in imported mushafs, the risk of printing errors, and the expansion of digital publication require a standardization mechanism that safeguards the accuracy of the Quranic text in Malaysia. This article examines how the historical evolution of dabt al-Quran functions as a source of authority, a diagnostic tool, and a basis of institutional continuity in mushaf governance by the Board of Control and Licensing of Quranic Printing (LPPPQ). This qualitative Applied History study employs content analysis, source criticism, and historical comparison of two classical works on dabt, the Printing of Qur'anic Texts Act 1986 as updated on 1 September 2023, Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA) guidelines on final proofs and digital publication, and scholarship on mushaf history and Applied History. The analysis follows five steps: identifying a contemporary problem, tracing a comparable historical problem, identifying classical problem-solving principles, examining their translation into modern procedures, and assessing the limits of analogy. The findings show that the classical-modern relationship is not a direct replication but a continuity of function: the earlier development of nuqat and harakat to reduce reading ambiguity is now institutionalized through the adoption of Rasm Uthmani, a designated reference mushaf, layered verification, final-proof certification, import controls, and specific procedures for digital applications. The article's principal contribution is to present dabt al-Quran as a case of Applied History in the governance of sacred texts, where history explains the need for standards, supplies a technical vocabulary for verification, and provides institutional memory for quality control. Publicly available evidence supports a functional and genealogical continuity, but does not establish that every LPPPQ decision directly cites a particular classical treatise.