RECYCLING BEHAVIOUR AMONG MALAYSIAN TERTIARY STUDENTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32890/jtom2016.11.2.7Keywords:
Recycling, personal factor, situational factor, ui green metricAbstract
Tertiary institutions are considered as “small cities†and the enculturation of sustainable practices are vital due to its size and the impact that campus activities have on the environment and society. The sustainable practices such as recycling and reduction of carbon footprint are one of the examples that may lead to greening the tertiary institution and sustainable quest for UI Green Metric achievement. The tertiary campus is seen as offering an ideal setting for exploring and practicing sustainability. This study explored the current recycling behaviour in a tertiary setting; using a survey design to address the research questions and objectives. Study found that the tertiary students are prone to recycling due to the situational factors which are convenience and incentive as well as personal factors which included knowledge and social norm. Study concluded that in achieving the UI Green Metric, tertiary institutions should offer a convenience setting that indirectly enculturates the sustainable practices among the campus community.
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References
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Ahmad, S.N.B., Juhdi, N. and Awadz, A.S. (2010). Examination of Environmental Knowledge and Perceived Pro-Environmental Behavior Among Student of University Tun Abdul Razak Malaysia. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Though. Vol 1 (1),pp. 328-342.
Afroz, R, Hanaki, K. and Kurisu, K.H. (2008). Factors Affecting Waste Generation and Willingness to Recycle: A study in a Waste Management Program in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.
A.Jalil, E.E. (2014). Mixed Methodology : The Shift of Paradigm in Understanding Fragmented Views of Households Recycling Behaviour. International Conference on Postgraduate Research 2014. PP. 153-165.
A Jalil, E. E., Grant, D. B., Nicholson, J. D., & Deutz, P. (2016). Reverse logistics in household recycling and waste systems: a symbiosis perspective. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 21(2), 245-258.
Bel, G. and Gradus, R.. (2014). Effects of unit-based Pricing on the Waste Collection Demand: A Meta-regression Analysis. Research Institute of Applied Economics.
Bente Halvorsen. (2010). ). Effects of norms and policy incentives on household recycling: An International Comparison.
Bezinna, F.H. and Dimech, S.. (2011). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling Behaviour in Malta. Management of Environmental Qualiy : An International Journal. Vol.22 (4), pp. 463-485.
Biel, A., & Thøgersen, J. (2007). Activation of social norms in social dilemmas: A review of the evidence and reflections on the implications for environmental behaviour. Journal of economic psychology, 28(1), 93-112.
Bissing-Olson, M. J., Fielding, K. S., & Iyer, A. (2016). Experiences of pride, not guilt, predict pro-environmental behavior when pro-environmental descriptive norms are more positive. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 145-153.
Biswas, A., Licata, J. W., McKee, D., Pullig, C., & Daughtridge, C. (2000). The recycling cycle: An empirical examination of consumer waste recycling and recycling shopping behaviors. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 19(1), 93-105.
Bolderdijk,J.W., and Steg, L. .(2014). Promoting Sustainable Consumption: The Risk of Using Financial Incentives. Retrieved from http://www.verdus.nl/upload/documents/Bolderdijk, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Bucciol, A., Montinari, N. and Piovesan, M.. (2011). Do Not Trash the incentive! Incentives and Waste Sorting. Retrieved from http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6675.html, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Carter, C. R., & Ellram, L. M. (1998). Reverse logistics: a review of the literature and framework for future investigation. Journal of business logistics, 19(1), 85.
Cherrett, T., Maynard, S., McLeod, F., & Hickford, A. (2010). Reverse logistics for the management of waste. Green Logistics: Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Logistics, 242-262.
Country Meter Web site. (2015). Malaysia Population. Retrieved from http://countrymeters.info/en/Malaysia, accessed on September, 25th 2015.
Czajkowski, M., Hanley, N., and Nyborg, K.. (2014). Social Norms, Morals and Self-Interest As Determinants of Pro-Enviroment Behaviour.
Environmental Protection Agency. (2015). Recycling. Retrieved from http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/warm/pdfs/Recycling.pdf, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Fritz, B. , Kasch, A., Mantey, R., & Pearson, S. (2010). Recycling Practices and Environmental Attitudes: Motivations, Barriers and Effective means to increase Recycling Behavior. St. Olaf College.
Fauziah, S.H., and Agamuthu, P. (2013). Policy and Strategies Towards Sustainable Waste Management in Malaysia. Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur : Malaysia.
Garcia, E. ( 2011 ). A Tutorial on Correlation Coefficient. Retrieved from http://web.simmons.edu/~benoit/lis642/a-tutorial-on-correlation- coefficients.pdf, accessed on November 14, 2015.
Gifford, R. and Nilsson, A. (2014). Personal and Social Factors that influence Pro-environmental Concern and Behavior: A Review.
Gould, R.K., Ardoin, N.M., Biggar, M. et al. Environmental Management (2016) 58: 268. doi:10.1007/s00267-016-0710-6
Guiltinan, J., & Nwokoye, N. (1974). Reverse channels for recycling: an analysis of alternatives and public policy implications. In American Marketing Association Proceedings (Vol. 36, pp. 341-46). Spring and Fall.
Hickman, L. (2011). A Small Town in Germany Where Recycling Pays. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/environment /2011/mar/18/recycling-waste, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Higgins, J. (2005). The Radical Statistician. Retrieved from http://www.biddle.com/documents/bcg_comp_chapter2.pdf, accessed on Nov 14, 2015.
Icenhour, R.M. (2014). Reverse Logistic Planning: A Strategic Way to Address
Environmental Sustainability While Creating a Competitive Advantage. University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Project. Retreived from http://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2701&context=utk_cha nhonoproj, accessed on September, 26th 2015.
Jereme, I.A., Siwar, C., and Alam, M.M. (2014). Waste Recycling in Malaysia : Transition from Developing to Developed Country. Indian Journal of Education and Information Management. Vol 3(2), pp. 1-14.
Johari, A., Habib Alkali, Hashim, H., Saeed I. Ahmed, and Mat, R. .(2014). Solid Solid Waste Management and Potential Revenue from Recycling in Malaysia.
Journal of Modern Applied Science. Vol. 8 (4).
Latham, B. (2007). Sampling : What is it?. Quantitative Research Methods. Retrieved from http://webpages.acs.ttu.edu/rlatham/Coursework/5377(Quant))/Sampling_Met hodology_Paper.pdf , accessed on October, 15th 2015.
Laerd Statistic. (2013). Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS Statistics. Retrieved from https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/multiple-regression-using-spss- statistics.php, accessed on November, 14 2015.
Magdalena Graczyk, K.W. (2011). Reverse Logistics Processes in Plastic Supply Chain. Total Logistic Management. Vol XX(4), PP. 43-55.
Md Isa, F., Othman, S.N., Jaganathan, M., and Osman, A. .(2015).
Attitude Towards Recycling Among Business Undergraduate Students in Malaysia. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. Vol 8 (13), pp. 6-12.
Mohd Suki, N. and Mohd Suki, N. (2015). Student‟s Intention to Engage in
Campus Environmental Activities and Green Initiatives : A structural Equation Modeling Approach. 2nd Regional Conference on Campus Sustainability : Capacity Building in Enhancing Campus Sustainability. Pp. 21-36.
Mutang, J.A. and Haron, S.A (2012). Factors Predicting Recycling Behaviour Among Malaysian. Southeast.Asia Psychology Journal. Vol 1, pp. 68-80
Omran, A., Mahmood, A., Abdul Aziz, H. and Robinson, G.M. (2009). Investigating Households Attitude Toward Recycling of Solid waste in Malaysia: A Case Study. International Journal of Environment Research. Vol. 3 (2), pp. 275-288.
Philippsen, Y. (2015). Factors Influencing Students‟ Intention to Recycle. School of Management and Governance : Master Thesis.
Raja Yaacob. (2015). Understanding the Attitudes of Teenagers towards Reuse and Recycle in Paper Usage. International Journal of Social Science and . Vol. 5
(8).
Singhirunnusorn, W., Donalkorn, K. and Kaewhanin, W.. (2012). Household Recycling Behaviours and Attitudes toward Waste Bank Project: MAhasarakham Municipality. Thailand : Mahasarakham University.
Shaufique, F. and Sidique, F.L. (2010). The effects of behaviour and attitudes on drop-off recycling activities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. pp.163-170.
Shrum, L. J., Lowrey, T. M., & McCarty, J. A. (1994). Recycling as a marketing problem: a framework for strategy development. Psychology & Marketing, 11(4), 393-416.
Stewart, F. A. (2011). Scotland’s rubbish: domestic recycling, policy and practice in everyday life.
Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Snelgar, R., & Furnham, A. (2011). Personality, individual differences, and demographic antecedents of self-reported household waste management behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(1), 21-26.
Tavakol, M. and Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s Alpha.
International Journal of Medical Education. Vol (2), pp. 53-55.
TIC Group. (2013). Welcome to TIC Reverse Logistic. Retrieved from http://ticsales.co.nz/docs/NZClientIntroductionPack_21102013D.pdf , accessed on November, 14 2015.
UCLA. (2015). Annoted SPSS Output : Correlation. Accessed on November, 14 from http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/spss/output/corr.htm.
Uzzell DL (2000) The psycho-spatial dimension of global environmental problems. J
Environ Psychol 20:307–318
Wan, C., Cheung, R., and Shen, G.Q.. (2012). Recycling Attitudes and
behavior in university campus : A Case Study in Hong Kong. Vol.30 (13/14), pp. 630-646.
Wilcox, M.A. (2014). A Study of College Student Attitudes and Behaviors Related to
Recycling. Electronic Theses and Dissertations Paper 2.
Wright, R.E., Richey, R.G., Tokman, M., and Palmer, J.C.. (2011). Recycling Reverse Reverse Logistics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics. Vol. 12 (5).
Wright, Y. L. (2011). Relating Recycling: Demographics, Attitudes,
Knowledge and Recycling Behavior among UC Berkeley Students. Retrieved from http://nature.berkeley.edu/classes/es196/projects/2011final/WrightY_2011.pdf
., accessed on September, 19th 2015.
Zahari, N..(2012). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling
Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Penang. Retrieved from http://eprints.usm.my/26707/1/Investigating_the_Determinants_of_Recycling_ Behaviour_among_Secondary_School_Students,
accessed on September,19th 2015.
Study. Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies. Vol 2(5), pp. 40-50.
Abd Wahab, M.H. ,Abdul Kadir, A., Md Tomari, M.R. , and Jabbar, M.H. .(2015). Web- Based Reward and Journal of Computing and Informatics. Paper No. 224.
Ahmad, S.N.B., Juhdi, N. and Awadz, A.S. (2010). Examination of Environmental Knowledge and Perceived Pro-Environmental Behavior Among Student of University Tun Abdul Razak Malaysia. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Though. Vol 1 (1),pp. 328-342.
Afroz, R, Hanaki, K. and Kurisu, K.H. (2008). Factors Affecting Waste Generation and Willingness to Recycle: A study in a Waste Management Program in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak.
A.Jalil, E.E. (2014). Mixed Methodology : The Shift of Paradigm in Understanding Fragmented Views of Households Recycling Behaviour. International Conference on Postgraduate Research 2014. PP. 153-165.
A Jalil, E. E., Grant, D. B., Nicholson, J. D., & Deutz, P. (2016). Reverse logistics in household recycling and waste systems: a symbiosis perspective. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 21(2), 245-258.
Bel, G. and Gradus, R.. (2014). Effects of unit-based Pricing on the Waste Collection Demand: A Meta-regression Analysis. Research Institute of Applied Economics.
Bente Halvorsen. (2010). ). Effects of norms and policy incentives on household recycling: An International Comparison.
Bezinna, F.H. and Dimech, S.. (2011). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling Behaviour in Malta. Management of Environmental Qualiy : An International Journal. Vol.22 (4), pp. 463-485.
Biel, A., & Thøgersen, J. (2007). Activation of social norms in social dilemmas: A review of the evidence and reflections on the implications for environmental behaviour. Journal of economic psychology, 28(1), 93-112.
Bissing-Olson, M. J., Fielding, K. S., & Iyer, A. (2016). Experiences of pride, not guilt, predict pro-environmental behavior when pro-environmental descriptive norms are more positive. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 45, 145-153.
Biswas, A., Licata, J. W., McKee, D., Pullig, C., & Daughtridge, C. (2000). The recycling cycle: An empirical examination of consumer waste recycling and recycling shopping behaviors. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 19(1), 93-105.
Bolderdijk,J.W., and Steg, L. .(2014). Promoting Sustainable Consumption: The Risk of Using Financial Incentives. Retrieved from http://www.verdus.nl/upload/documents/Bolderdijk, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Bucciol, A., Montinari, N. and Piovesan, M.. (2011). Do Not Trash the incentive! Incentives and Waste Sorting. Retrieved from http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6675.html, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Carter, C. R., & Ellram, L. M. (1998). Reverse logistics: a review of the literature and framework for future investigation. Journal of business logistics, 19(1), 85.
Cherrett, T., Maynard, S., McLeod, F., & Hickford, A. (2010). Reverse logistics for the management of waste. Green Logistics: Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Logistics, 242-262.
Country Meter Web site. (2015). Malaysia Population. Retrieved from http://countrymeters.info/en/Malaysia, accessed on September, 25th 2015.
Czajkowski, M., Hanley, N., and Nyborg, K.. (2014). Social Norms, Morals and Self-Interest As Determinants of Pro-Enviroment Behaviour.
Environmental Protection Agency. (2015). Recycling. Retrieved from http://www3.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/warm/pdfs/Recycling.pdf, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Fritz, B. , Kasch, A., Mantey, R., & Pearson, S. (2010). Recycling Practices and Environmental Attitudes: Motivations, Barriers and Effective means to increase Recycling Behavior. St. Olaf College.
Fauziah, S.H., and Agamuthu, P. (2013). Policy and Strategies Towards Sustainable Waste Management in Malaysia. Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur : Malaysia.
Garcia, E. ( 2011 ). A Tutorial on Correlation Coefficient. Retrieved from http://web.simmons.edu/~benoit/lis642/a-tutorial-on-correlation- coefficients.pdf, accessed on November 14, 2015.
Gifford, R. and Nilsson, A. (2014). Personal and Social Factors that influence Pro-environmental Concern and Behavior: A Review.
Gould, R.K., Ardoin, N.M., Biggar, M. et al. Environmental Management (2016) 58: 268. doi:10.1007/s00267-016-0710-6
Guiltinan, J., & Nwokoye, N. (1974). Reverse channels for recycling: an analysis of alternatives and public policy implications. In American Marketing Association Proceedings (Vol. 36, pp. 341-46). Spring and Fall.
Hickman, L. (2011). A Small Town in Germany Where Recycling Pays. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/environment /2011/mar/18/recycling-waste, accessed on October, 3rd 2015.
Higgins, J. (2005). The Radical Statistician. Retrieved from http://www.biddle.com/documents/bcg_comp_chapter2.pdf, accessed on Nov 14, 2015.
Icenhour, R.M. (2014). Reverse Logistic Planning: A Strategic Way to Address
Environmental Sustainability While Creating a Competitive Advantage. University of Tennessee Honors Thesis Project. Retreived from http://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2701&context=utk_cha nhonoproj, accessed on September, 26th 2015.
Jereme, I.A., Siwar, C., and Alam, M.M. (2014). Waste Recycling in Malaysia : Transition from Developing to Developed Country. Indian Journal of Education and Information Management. Vol 3(2), pp. 1-14.
Johari, A., Habib Alkali, Hashim, H., Saeed I. Ahmed, and Mat, R. .(2014). Solid Solid Waste Management and Potential Revenue from Recycling in Malaysia.
Journal of Modern Applied Science. Vol. 8 (4).
Latham, B. (2007). Sampling : What is it?. Quantitative Research Methods. Retrieved from http://webpages.acs.ttu.edu/rlatham/Coursework/5377(Quant))/Sampling_Met hodology_Paper.pdf , accessed on October, 15th 2015.
Laerd Statistic. (2013). Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS Statistics. Retrieved from https://statistics.laerd.com/spss-tutorials/multiple-regression-using-spss- statistics.php, accessed on November, 14 2015.
Magdalena Graczyk, K.W. (2011). Reverse Logistics Processes in Plastic Supply Chain. Total Logistic Management. Vol XX(4), PP. 43-55.
Md Isa, F., Othman, S.N., Jaganathan, M., and Osman, A. .(2015).
Attitude Towards Recycling Among Business Undergraduate Students in Malaysia. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. Vol 8 (13), pp. 6-12.
Mohd Suki, N. and Mohd Suki, N. (2015). Student‟s Intention to Engage in
Campus Environmental Activities and Green Initiatives : A structural Equation Modeling Approach. 2nd Regional Conference on Campus Sustainability : Capacity Building in Enhancing Campus Sustainability. Pp. 21-36.
Mutang, J.A. and Haron, S.A (2012). Factors Predicting Recycling Behaviour Among Malaysian. Southeast.Asia Psychology Journal. Vol 1, pp. 68-80
Omran, A., Mahmood, A., Abdul Aziz, H. and Robinson, G.M. (2009). Investigating Households Attitude Toward Recycling of Solid waste in Malaysia: A Case Study. International Journal of Environment Research. Vol. 3 (2), pp. 275-288.
Philippsen, Y. (2015). Factors Influencing Students‟ Intention to Recycle. School of Management and Governance : Master Thesis.
Raja Yaacob. (2015). Understanding the Attitudes of Teenagers towards Reuse and Recycle in Paper Usage. International Journal of Social Science and . Vol. 5
(8).
Singhirunnusorn, W., Donalkorn, K. and Kaewhanin, W.. (2012). Household Recycling Behaviours and Attitudes toward Waste Bank Project: MAhasarakham Municipality. Thailand : Mahasarakham University.
Shaufique, F. and Sidique, F.L. (2010). The effects of behaviour and attitudes on drop-off recycling activities. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. pp.163-170.
Shrum, L. J., Lowrey, T. M., & McCarty, J. A. (1994). Recycling as a marketing problem: a framework for strategy development. Psychology & Marketing, 11(4), 393-416.
Stewart, F. A. (2011). Scotland’s rubbish: domestic recycling, policy and practice in everyday life.
Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Snelgar, R., & Furnham, A. (2011). Personality, individual differences, and demographic antecedents of self-reported household waste management behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31(1), 21-26.
Tavakol, M. and Dennick, R. (2011). Making sense of Cronbach’s Alpha.
International Journal of Medical Education. Vol (2), pp. 53-55.
TIC Group. (2013). Welcome to TIC Reverse Logistic. Retrieved from http://ticsales.co.nz/docs/NZClientIntroductionPack_21102013D.pdf , accessed on November, 14 2015.
UCLA. (2015). Annoted SPSS Output : Correlation. Accessed on November, 14 from http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/spss/output/corr.htm.
Uzzell DL (2000) The psycho-spatial dimension of global environmental problems. J
Environ Psychol 20:307–318
Wan, C., Cheung, R., and Shen, G.Q.. (2012). Recycling Attitudes and
behavior in university campus : A Case Study in Hong Kong. Vol.30 (13/14), pp. 630-646.
Wilcox, M.A. (2014). A Study of College Student Attitudes and Behaviors Related to
Recycling. Electronic Theses and Dissertations Paper 2.
Wright, R.E., Richey, R.G., Tokman, M., and Palmer, J.C.. (2011). Recycling Reverse Reverse Logistics. Journal of Applied Business and Economics. Vol. 12 (5).
Wright, Y. L. (2011). Relating Recycling: Demographics, Attitudes,
Knowledge and Recycling Behavior among UC Berkeley Students. Retrieved from http://nature.berkeley.edu/classes/es196/projects/2011final/WrightY_2011.pdf
., accessed on September, 19th 2015.
Zahari, N..(2012). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling
Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Penang. Retrieved from http://eprints.usm.my/26707/1/Investigating_the_Determinants_of_Recycling_ Behaviour_among_Secondary_School_Students,
accessed on September,19th 2015.
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Published
28-12-2016
How to Cite
A.Jalil, E. E., Foo, Y. J., Abdul Asis, Z., & Yunus, N. A. (2016). RECYCLING BEHAVIOUR AMONG MALAYSIAN TERTIARY STUDENTS. Journal of Technology and Operations Management, 11(2), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.32890/jtom2016.11.2.7
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