1. General Policy

JBMA is committed to ensuring that editorial decisions and published scholarly content remain independent of commercial, financial or promotional influence.

The journal therefore does not accept:

• commercial advertisements;
• paid promotional content;
• advertorials;
• sponsored articles presented as independent scholarship;
• paid product or service endorsements;
• commercially sponsored links embedded within editorial content; or
• any arrangement in which payment influences editorial consideration, peer review or publication decisions.

2. Editorial Independence

Editorial decisions are based solely on scholarly merit, originality, methodological quality, relevance to the journal and contribution to knowledge.

No commercial organisation, sponsor, service provider or external party may influence:

• whether a manuscript is sent for peer review;
• the selection of reviewers;
• reviewer recommendations;
• editorial decisions;
• the timing or prominence of publication; or
• the interpretation or presentation of research findings.

3. Research Funding and Sponsorship

This advertising policy does not prohibit publication of research that has received legitimate financial support from government agencies, universities, research councils, foundations, industry or other organisations.

Where research is funded or sponsored, authors must disclose the relevant funding source and, where applicable, describe the role of the funder in the study design, data collection, analysis, interpretation or preparation of the manuscript.

Funding or sponsorship does not guarantee publication and does not exempt a manuscript from the journal's standard editorial screening and peer-review procedures.

4. Journal Announcements and Scholarly Activities

JBMA may publish non-commercial announcements relating to legitimate scholarly and journal activities, including:

• Calls for Papers;
• new issue announcements;
• special editorial themes;
• academic conferences and seminars;
• case-writing workshops;
• research or publication workshops;
• journal initiatives; and
• other activities directly relevant to the journal's scholarly community.

Publication of such information does not constitute commercial endorsement.

5. External Organisations, Products and Services

References to organisations, companies, products, technologies, platforms or services may appear within published research when they are relevant to the scholarly content.

Such references should not be interpreted as endorsement, recommendation or promotion by JBMA, UUM Press or Universiti Utara Malaysia.

6. Journal Website

JBMA does not intentionally sell advertising space on its journal website.

Links to external websites may be provided for legitimate scholarly, editorial, indexing, institutional or informational purposes. The presence of an external link does not imply endorsement of the linked organisation, service or content.

Where third-party technical services are integrated into the journal platform, their presence should not be interpreted as paid advertising unless explicitly identified otherwise.

7. Conflicts of Interest

Authors, editors and reviewers are required to disclose relevant financial, professional or institutional relationships that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the research or editorial process.

Commercial relationships must not compromise the independence, transparency or integrity of scholarly evaluation and publication.

8. Future Changes to Advertising Practice

If JBMA changes its advertising policy in the future, any advertising or sponsored material must be clearly distinguishable from editorial and peer-reviewed content.

Any future advertising arrangement must remain independent of manuscript selection, peer review, editorial decision-making and scholarly content.