Tinjauan literatur bersistematik: Kajian retorik kesihatan di Malaysia (Systematic literature review: A studies rhetoric of health in Malaysia)
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Makalah ini bertujuan meneliti perkembangan kajian retorik kesihatan di Malaysia melalui pendekatan tinjauan literatur bersistematik. Penelitian ini penting bagi mengenal pasti corak kajian sedia ada yang masih terhad dan belum dihimpunkan secara sistematik dalam konteks tempatan. Kajian ini berpandukan protokol Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) dengan memilih artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2020 hingga 2024 daripada empat pangkalan data, iaitu Scopus, Google Scholar, MyCite dan ResearchGate. Hasil saringan mendapati sebanyak lima artikel memenuhi kriteria dan seterusnya disintesis secara kualitatif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kajian retorik kesihatan di Malaysia mengaplikasikan pelbagai kerangka teori, antaranya retorik klasik Aristotle (ethos, pathos, logos), Teori Retorik Moden, Retorik Persuasif, Retorik al-Quran serta Strategi Retorik. Dari segi sumber data, kebanyakan kajian memanfaatkan platform digital yang dihasilkan oleh pihak berautoriti seperti portal rasmi kerajaan dan media sosial. Sementara itu, aspek sumbangan kajian didapati tertumpu kepada usaha mempengaruhi persepsi, emosi dan tindakan masyarakat dalam menangani isu kesihatan, khususnya berkaitan dengan pandemik COVID-19. Secara keseluruhan, tinjauan ini memperlihatkan bahawa kajian retorik kesihatan di Malaysia masih berada pada tahap penerokaan awal dan memerlukan penelitian yang lebih meluas serta pelbagai dari segi isu, teori dan sumber data. Kajian ini diharap dapat menjadi asas rujukan kepada pengkaji akan datang dalam memperluas bidang retorik kesihatan, khususnya dalam konteks bahasa Melayu dan masyarakat tempatan.
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