Research Article Published 25 December 2011

A descriptive analysis of tax evasion as a crime in a least developed country: the case of Yemen

How to Cite

How to Cite

Yaslam Aljaaidi, K. S., Abdul Manaf, N. A., & Karlinsky, S. S. (2011). A descriptive analysis of tax evasion as a crime in a least developed country: the case of Yemen. Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 1(2), 23-47. https://doi.org/10.32890/jbma2011.1.2.8908
Khaled Salmen Yaslam Aljaaidi
College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Nor Aziah Abdul Manaf
College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
Stewart S. Karlinsky
College of Business, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192-0066, United States
Citations
0
No citations recorded yet
Reads
147
Abstract + full text
Downloads
98 +1
PDF and XML

Article

This paper measures the perception of Yemeni citizens on the severity of tax evasion relative to other crimes and violations. Perception of tax evasion may somewhat explain the degree of non-compliance with tax laws. Using data from a self-administered survey and a structured interview, the results of mean and comparative analysis show that the three tax evasion offences were ranked as the least serious crimes among 30 listed crimes. Further, tax evasion is categorized the least serious category out of six categories. The results of this study should be useful to policy makers in Yemen and elsewhere, as it is an alarming signal that tax evasion is relatively ranked as the least serious offence, which could lead to an environment where taxpayers may not be afraid of cheating on their tax returns.

Tax evasion as a crime other offen ces Yemen

Metrics & impact

Citations by source

Harvested 07-09-2026

Counts differ by index because each source crawls a different corpus. Crossref counts only registered reference lists; Google Scholar includes theses, preprints and grey literature.

OpenAlex
0
Open corpus, updated daily View →
OpenCitations
0
Open references only View →
Crossref
0
Deposited reference lists only View →
Scopus
0 Not indexed
Indexed titles only View →
Google Scholar
Publishes no citation count that can be read automatically.
Includes theses and preprints Search →
Dimensions
Publishes no citation count that can be read automatically.
Includes policy documents Search →

Reads & downloads

Abstract views 147
PDF downloads 98
XML downloads 0
Full-text HTML 0
Counted under COUNTER Release 5 rules; known robots excluded.

Attention beyond citation

Field-weighted citation impact 0.00

From OpenAlex. A field-weighted impact of 1.00 is the world average for work of the same field, type and year. No Altmetric key is configured, so news, policy and social attention are not shown.

Identifiers

References

References 43
Deposited to Crossref with the article DOI
  1. Abdul Manaf, N., & Abdul Jabbar, H. (2006). A survey of perception towards tax evasion as a crime. Further Global Challenges in Tax Administration. Fiscal Publications.
  2. Al-Awwal, R. (2005). Tax planning from an Islamic perspective. From http:iislam iccenter.kaau.edu.sa/english/Forum/Islahi_01.pdf
  3. Aljamaree, Y., & Algaylee, A. (2007). Financial ministry implements transparency principle to reform the Þnancial regulations and laws. Retrieved June 10, 2008 from http://www.sabanews.net/ar/news 13 1480.htm
  4. Alm, J., B. Jackson, & M. McKee (1992). Estimating the determinants of taxpayer compliance with experimental data. National Tax Journal, 45 (1), pp. 107-14.
  5. Alm,J.,McClelland, G.H., & Schulze,W.D.(1999). Changing the social norm of tax compliance by voting. KYKLOS, 48 (1), pp. 41-171.
  6. Bennett, T. (2000). Drugs and crime: The results of the second development of the new ADAM programs home ofÞ ce study.
  7. Boylan, S. & G. Sprinkle (2001). Experimental evidence on the relation between tax rates and compliance: The effect of earned vs. endowed income. Journal of the American Taxation Association, 23 (1), pp. 75-90.
  8. Braithwaite, J. (1989). Crime, shame and reintegration. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.
  9. Brand, P. (1996). Compliance: A 21st century approach. National Tax Journal 49 (3), pp. 413-420.
  10. Cabrera, S. (1999). Drug use among hispanic youth: Examining common and unique contributing factors. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2 (1).
  11. Clotfelter, Charles T. (1983). Tax evasion and tax rates: An analysis of individual return. Review of Economics and Statistics 65(3), pp. 363–73.
  12. Cohen, J. (1988). Statical power analysis for the behavioral science. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum. Criminal Intelligence Service Alberta, Provincial public opinion survey on organized crime (2001) and (2004). (2005). Criminal intelligence service Alberta. Retrieved November 10, 2005 from http://www.cisalberta.ca/surveys /2004 %20public %20opinion%20survey.pdf
  13. Croall, H. (1992). White collar crime. Open University Press: Philadelphia.
  14. Eicher, J., Stuhldreher, T., & Stuhldreher, W. (2002). Men, women, taxes, and ethics. tax notes, 40 1-406. Embassy of Yemen.(2007). Structure and features of the Yemeni economy. Retrieved June 10, 2008 from http://www.yemenembassy.org/economic/ YemeniEconomy.htm.
  15. Erard, B. & C. Ho (2001). Searching for ghosts: Who are the nonÞ lers and how much tax do they owe? Journal of Public Economics 81, pp. 25-50.
  16. Feld, L.P. & Tyran, J.R. (2002). Tax evasion and voting: an experimental analysis. KYKLOS 55 (2), pp. 197-222.
  17. Fisher, R., J. Goddeeris, & J. Young, (1989). Participation in tax amnesties: The individual income tax. National Tax Journal, 42 (2), pp. 15-27.
  18. Frey, B.S. (1997). Not Just for the Money – An economic theory of personal motivation, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham.
  19. Frey, B.S. & Feld, L.P. (2002). Deterrence and morale in taxation: an empirical analysis, Working Paper No. 760, CES ifo, Munich.
  20. Ghosh, D., & Crain, T. (1995). Ethical standards, attitudes toward risk, and international non-compliance: An Experimental Investigation. Journal of Business Ethics 14 (5), pp. 353-365.
  21. Hasseldine, J. (1999). Gender differences in tax compliance. Asia-PaciÞ c Journal of Taxation 3 (2), pp. 73-89.
  22. Islamic Economic Program. (2009). Al kharaj and related issues: A comparative study of early Islamic scholarly thoughts and their reception by Western economists. Available at http://www.islamic-world.net/economics/al_kharaj.htm
  23. Jackson, B., & Milliron, V. (1986). Tax compliance research, Þndings, problems and prospects. Journal of Accounting Literature 5, pp. 125-16 1.
  24. Karlinsky, S., Burton, H., & Blanthorne, C. (2004). Perceptions of tax evasion as a crime. E – Journal of Tax Research 2 ( 2), pp. 226-240.
  25. KaroÞ, U. (2005). Drug abuse and criminal behavior in Penang, Malaysia: A multivariate analaysis. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology 2(2), 1-26. retrieved December 7, 2005 from http://www.bangladeshsociology.org/BEJS%20-%20 2.2%20KaroÞ %20-20Drug%20abuse.pdf
  26. Lewis, A. (1982), The psychology of taxation, Martin Robertson Publishing Limited, Oxford.
  27. Makkai, T., Fitzgerald, J., & Doak, P. (2000). Drug use among police detainees. Bulletin on Crime and Justice.
  28. McGee, R.W. (1998). The ethics of tax evasion in Islam: A comment. Journal of Accounting, Ethics & Public Policy, 1, pp. 162-168.
  29. Murtuza, A. & Ghazanfar, S. (1998). Taxation as a form of worship: exploring the nature of zakat. Journal of Accounting, Ethics and Public Policy, vol. 1, No 3, 134-161.
  30. Peacock, A., & Shaw, G. (1982). Tax evasion and tax revenue loss. Public Finance, 37, pp. 268-278.
  31. Peerzade, S. (2005). Towards self-enforcing Islamic tax system: An alternative to current approaches. J.KAU: Islamic Econ., Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 3-12
  32. Pommerehne, W., Hart, A. & Frey, B.S. (1994), Tax morale, tax evasion and the choice of policy instruments in different political systems, Public Finance 49, pp. 52-69.
  33. RaquibuzZaman, M. (1986). Monetary and Þ scal policies of an Islamic state. The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 125 140.
  34. Sutherland, E. (1949). White-collar crime. Dryden Press: New York.
  35. Tappan, P. (1947). Who is the criminal? American Sociological Review 12.
  36. Torgler, Benno. (2002). Does culture inß uence tax morale? evidence from different european countries.WWZ (WirtschaftswissenschaftlichenZentrum der Universita¨t Basel) Discussion Paper, 02/08.
  37. Warr, M. (1989). What is the perceived seriousness of crimes? Criminology 28, pp. 795-82 1.
  38. Wentworth, D., & Rickel, A. (1985). Determinants of tax evasion and compliance. Behavioral Science & the Law 3 (4), pp. 455-466.
  39. Wilson, P., Walker, J., & Mukherjee, S. (1986). How the public sees crime: An Australian survey. Australian Institute of Criminology Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice.
  40. Yemen Times. (2005). Auditing body to Þght corruption. Transparency International’s Quarterly Newsletter. Retrieved July 12, 2008 from http://www. transparency. org/content/download/2270/14250/version/1/Þ le/ti_q_jun2005.pdf Yemeni Crime Statistics.(2008). Retrieved July 5, 2008 from http://www.nation master. com/ country/ym-yemen/cri-crime..
  41. Yemeni Interior Ministry.(1994). The Yemeni penal and crime code no.(12). Retrieved July 4, 2008 from http://www.police-info.gov.ye/Laws/Pun02.htm.
  42. Yemeni Tax Authority. (1999). The income tax law (law No. -12-of 1999) (as amended). Retrieved June 2, 2008 from http://www.tax.gov.ye/rules.php?address=5
  43. Zikmund, W. (2003). Business research methods. Thomson, South-Western, Seventh Edit