TINGKAH LAKU PELAJAR UNIVERSITI DALAM PENGGUNAAN, PERBELANJAAN DAN PELABURAN (University Students' Behavior in Consumption, Expenditure and Investment)
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Tingkahlaku penggunaan, perbelanjaan, dan pelaburan dalam kalangan pelajar universiti sangat penting kerana di negara membangun seperti Malaysia, tingkah laku ini memainkan peranan penting sebagai pemangkin pertumbuhan dan pembangunan ekonomi. Penggunaan dan perbelanjaan mendorong pelaburan untuk mencetuskan pertumbuhan ekonomi negara. Kurang kajian yang difokuskan kepada tingkah laku kewangan pelajar universiti dan kebanyakan kajian ini tidak dilakukan secara teori dan hanya tertumpu pada faktor tunggal. Oleh itu, kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut mengenai pelajar universiti dan untuk mengisi jurang pengetahuan mengenai tingkah laku perbelanjaan, simpanan dan pelaburan mereka. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif di mana data untuk kajian ini diperoleh melalui kaedah tinjauan yang disasarkan kepada pelajar sarjanamuda Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). Sebanyak 300 set soal selidik telah diedarkan secara dalam talian. Hasil kajian mendapati rata-rata pelajar universiti menghabiskan lebih 30% daripada duit pembiayaan mereka. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa kebanyakan pelajar universiti yang melabur di pasaran saham adalah berisiko dan majoriti pelajar universiti tidak gemar melabur dalam pelaburan berisiko tinggi. Kajian ini mencadangkan bahawa kaedah komunikasi yang lebih baik antara pelajar universiti dan institusi kewangan atau bank melalui media dalam talian seperti melalui e-mel dan komunikasi media sosial adalah salah satu langkah untuk memupuk sikap pelaburan dan penyimpanan dalam kalangan pelajar universiti.
ABSTRACT
The behavior of consumption, expenditure, and investment among university students is very important because in developing countries such as Malaysia, this behavior plays an important role as a catalyst for economic growth and development. Consumption and expenditure drive investment to trigger the country’s economic growth. There are few studies that focus on the financial behavior of university students and most of these studies are not done theoretically and only focus on a single factor. Therefore, this study is to find out more about university students and to fill the knowledge gap about their spending, savings and investment behavior. This research applied quantitative approach where the data for this study is collected through a survey which targeted at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) undergraduate students. A total of 300 sets of questionnaires were collected online. Results shows that university student spends more than 30% of their financing. This study also found that most university students who invest in the stock market is high risk and majority of university students do not prefer to invest in high-risk investments. This study suggests that better methods of communication between university students and financial institutions or banks is through online media such as via email and social media communication is in order to foster investment and saving attitudes among university students.
Keywords: Behavior, university student, spending patterns, saving, investment.
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