Language and Unity: Investigating the Role of Language in Fostering Social Cohesion among Undergraduate Cohorts in Nigeria

Abstrak

This study investigated the role of language in promoting social cohesion among undergraduate students at Sa’adu Zungur University, Bauchi State, Nigeria. The university brought together students from different languages and cultural groups. The study examined how students used English and indigenous languages like Hausa to interact and form social bonds. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to obtain both measurable patterns and personal experiences. A total of 200 undergraduate students were selected using a stratified sampling technique across the three campuses of the university: Gadau, Misau, and Bauchi. This approach ensured representation of linguistic and demographic diversity of the institution. The findings showed that students used more than one language, especially in informal settings, strengthens student relationships. However, the study also identified challenges, such as language barriers leading to feelings of exclusion among students from different linguistic backgrounds. Despite these challenges, the research showed that promoting the use of both English and indigenous languages can enhance inclusivity and campus cohesion. It also suggested that when universities support the use of different languages through fair and inclusive language policies, students reported greater inclusion and belonging. The study provided recommendations for making higher education more welcoming to students from different language backgrounds.