The Influence of Organizational Culture as Moderator between Person-Organization (P-O) Fit and Work Attitudes

Authors

  • S. Senthil Kumar IBS, Hyderabad, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32890/ijms2011.18.1.4

Keywords:

Person-organization fit, organizational culture, national culture, job satisfaction, organizational commitment

Abstract

Although the positive effect of Person-Organization fit (P-O fit) on work attitudes is well known, research into the environmental factors that affect P-O fit’s salience in predicting work attitudes is in its infancy. This study examined the moderating effects of organizational culture in the relationship between P-O fit and work attitudes such as job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in the national culture context. Results from a sample of 173 managerial-level employees from 7 organizations in India suggest that organizational culture either strengthens or weakens the positive relationship between P-O fit and work attitudes depending upon its alignment with national culture. In the Indian cultural context, it is found that people and control-oriented organizational cultures that are isomorphic with national culture weaken the relationship between P-O fi t and work attitudes. Whereas creation and market-oriented cultures that are non-isomorphic with Indian national culture strengthen the positive relationship between P-O fi t and work attitudes. Results of this study have implications in employee selection, socialization and organizational culture management.
 
Keywords: Person-organization fit, organizational culture, national culture, job satisfaction, organizational commitment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adler, N. J. (1983). A typology of management studies involving culture. Journal of International Business Studies, 14, 29–47.

Adler, N. J. (1997). International dimensions of organizational behavior. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western Publishing.

Aldrich, H. E. (1979). Organizations and environments. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Argyris, C. (1964). Integrating the individual and the organization. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Bem, D. J., & Funder, D. C. (1978). Predicting more of the people more of the time: Assessing the personality of situations, Psychological Review, 85(6), 485–501.

Bowen, D. E., Ledford, G. E., & Nathan, B. R. (1991). Hiring for the organization, not the job. Academy of Management Executive, 5, 35–51.

Block, J. (1978). The Q-sort method in personality assessment and psychiatric research. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.

Budhwar, P., & Sparrow, P. (2002). Strategic HRM through the cultural looking glass: Mapping cognitions of British and Indian HRM managers. Organization Studies, 23(4), 599–638.

Cable, D. M., & Judge, T. A. (1996). Person-organization fit, job choice decisions, and organizational entry. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 67(3), 294–311.

Cable, D. M., & Judge, T. A. (1997). Interviewers’ perceptions of person-organization fit and organizational selection decisions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(4), 546–561.

Cable, D. M., & Parsons, C. K. (2001). Socialization tactics and person-organization fit. Personnel Psychology, 54, 1–22. IJMS 18 (1), 71–97 (2011) 93

Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, G. D. Jr., & Klesh, J. R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In S. E. Seashore, E. E. III, Lawler, P. H. Mirvis & C. Cammann (Eds), Assessing organizational change: A guide to methods, measures, and practices (71–138). New York: John Wiley & Sons. http://ijms.uum.edu.my

Chatman, J. A. (1989). Improving interactional organizational research: A model of person-organization fit. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 333–349.

Chatman, J. A. (1991). Matching people and organizations: Selection and socialization in public accounting firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 459–484.

Chatman, J. A., & Jehn, K. A. (1994). Assessing the relationship between industry characteristics and organizational culture: How different can you be? Academy of Management Journal, 37, 522–553.

DiMaggio, P. J., & Powel, W. W. (1983). The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields. American Sociological Review, 48, 147–160.

Edwards, J. R. (1991). Person-job fit: A conceptual integration, literature review and methodological critique. International Review of Industrial/Organizational Psychology, 6, 283–357.

Enz, C. A. (1988). The role of value congruity in intraorganizational power. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 284–304.

Friedman, M., & Friedman, R. (1980). Free to choose: A personal statement. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.

Gordon, G. (1991). Industry determinants of organizational culture. Academy of Management Review, 16, 396–415.

Gopalan, S., & Stahl, A. (1998). Applications of American management theories and practices to the Indian business environment: Understanding the impact of national culture. American Business Review, 16(2), 30–41.

Government of India (2009). Economic survey 2008-09. New Delhi: Ministry of Finance.

Griffeth, R.W., Hom, P.W., & Gaertner, S. (2000). A meta-analysis of antecedents and correlates of employee turnover: Update, moderator tests, and research implications for the next millennium. Journal of Management, 26(3), 479.

Griffith, J. (2001). Do satisfied employees satisfty customers? Support-services staff morale and satisfaction among public school administrators, students, and parents. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, August, 1627–1658.

Guzzo, R., & Salas, E. (Eds.). (1995). Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 94 IJMS 18 (1), 71–97 (2011)

Hampden-Turner, C., & Trompenaars, A. (1993). The seven cultures of capitalism. New York: Currency-Doubleday.

Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Johnson, R. (2002). Business-unit level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, April, 268–279. http://ijms.uum.edu.my

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.

Hofstede, G. (1985). The interaction between national and organizational value systems. Journal of Management Studies, 22, 347–357.

Hofstede, G. (1991). Culture’s consequences: Software of the mind. London: McGraw-Hill.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Holland, J. L. (1985) Making vocational choices: A theory of careers (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Jabes, J., & Gruere, J. P. (1986). Organizations under siege: The onslaught of cultural explanations of organizational behavior. Growth and progress in cross-cultural psychology: Selected papers from the 8th International conference of the International association for cross-cultural psychology, Istanbul, Turkey, July 6–10.

Kanungo, R. N., & Mendonca, M. (1994). Culture and performance improvement. Producitivity, 35(3), 447–53.

Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1966). The social psychology of organizations. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Khandwalla, P. N. (1990). Strategic developmental organizations: Some behavioral properties. In A. M. Jaeger, & R. N. Kanungo (Eds.), Management in developing countries. New York: Routledge.

Kristof, A. L. (1996). Person-organization fit: An integrative review of its conceptualizations, measurement, and implications. Personnel Psychology, 49, 1–49.

Kristof, A. L., & Jansen, K. J. (2007). Issues of person-organization fit. In C, Ostroff, & T. A. Judge (Ed.), Perspectives on organizational fit (pp. 123–153). New York: Francis & Taylor.

Laurent, A. (1986). The cross-cultural puzzle of international human resource management. Human Resource Management, 25(1), 91–102.

Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science. New York: Harper & Row.

Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In Marvin D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 1297–1349). Chicago: Rand McNally. IJMS 18 (1), 71–97 (2011) 95

McKinnon, J. L., Harrison, G. L., Chow, C. W., & Annue, Wu. (2003). Organizational culture: Association with commitment, job satisfaction, propensity to remain, and information sharing in Taiwan. International Journal of Business Studies, 11(1), 25–44.

Mathieu, J. E., & Zajac, D. M. (1990). A review and meta-analysis of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of organizational http://ijms.uum.edu.my commitment. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 171–194.

Meyer, J. P., Allen, N. J., & Smith, C. A. (1993). Commitment to organizations and occupations: Extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 538–551.

Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organization: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340–363.

Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979), The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14, 224–247.

Nelson, R. E., & Gopalan, S. (2003). Do organizational cultures replicate national cultures? Isomorphism, rejection and reciprocal opposition in the corporate values of three countries. Organization Studies, 24(7), 1115–1151.

Nyambegera, S. M., Daniels K., & Sparrow, P. (2001). Why fit doesn’t always matter: The impact of HRM and cultural fit on job involvement of Kenyan employees. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50(1), 109–140.

O’Reilly, C. A., Chatman, J. A., & Caldwell, D. F. (1991). People and organizational culture: A profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 487–516.

Pascale, R. (1985). The paradox of corporate culture: Reconciling ourselves to socialization, 2, 26–41.

Pettigrew, A. M. (1979). On studying organizational cultures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570.

Pieper, R. (Ed.) (1990). Human resource management: An international comparison. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.

Prakash, A. (1994). Organizational functioning and values in the Indian context. In S.R. Henry, Kao, Durganand Sinha, & Ng Sek-Hong (Eds.), Effective organizations and social values (pp. 193–201). New Delhi: Sage Publications.

Quinn, R. E., & Rohrbaugh, J. (1983). A spatial model of effectiveness criteria: Towards a competing values approach to organizational analysis. Management Science, 29, 363–377. 96 IJMS 18 (1), 71–97 (2011)

Raltson D. A., Holt D. H., Terpstra R. H., & Cheng Y. K. (2008). The impact of national culture and economic ideology on managerial work values: A study of the United States, Russia, Japan and China. Journal of International Business Studies, 39, 8–26.

Saha, A. (1992). Basic human nature in Indian tradition and its http://ijms.uum.edu.my economic consequences. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 12(1–2),1–50.

Saini, D. S., & Budhwar, P. S. (2004). HRM in India. Managing human resources in Asia-Pacific (pp. 114-137). London: Routledge.

Schein, E. H. (1983). The role of the founder in creating organizational culture. Organizational Dynamics, Summer, 13–28.

Schein, E. H. (1992). Organizational culture and leadership (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Schneider, B. (1987). The people make the place. Personnel Psychology, 40, 437–543.

Scott, K. D., & Taylor, G. S. (1985). An examination of conflicting findings on the relationship between job satisfaction and absenteeism: A meta-analysis. Academy of Management Journal, September, 599–612.

Sheridan, J. E. (1992). Organizational culture and employee retention. Academy of Management Journal, 35(5), 1036–1056.

Smith, B. E., & Thomas, J. M. (1972). Cross-cultural attitudes among managers: A case study. Sloan Management Review, 13, 34–51.

Tripathi, R. C. (1988). Aligning development to values in India. In D. Sinha & H.S.R. Kao, (Eds.), Social values and Development: Asian perspectives. New Delhi: Sage Publications.

United Nations Development Programme. (2009). Human Development Report. New York.

Weiner, Y. (1988). Forms of value systems: A focus on organizational effectiveness and cultural change and maintenance. Academy of Management Review, 13, 534–545.

Westerman, J. W., & Sita, V. (2005). A cross-cultural empirical analysis of person-organization fit measures as predictors of student performance in business education: Comparing students in the United States and India. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 4(4), 409–420.

Wheeler A. R., Buckley, M. R., Halbesleben, J. R. B., Brouer, R. L., & Ferris, G. R. (2005). The elusive criterion of fit revisted: Toward an integrative theory of multidimensional fit. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 24, 265–304.

Wilkins, A. L., & Ouchi, W. G. (1983). Efficient cultures: Exploring the relationship between culture and organizational performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 28, 468–181. IJMS 18 (1), 71–97 (2011) 97

Downloads

Published

30-06-2011

Research impact

Harvested 2026-09-08
0 citations recorded so far

Counts differ between services because each indexes a different body of literature. None of them is the whole picture.

Identifiers DOI 10.32890/ijms2011.18.1.4