Kedah Tua: Warisan Perdagangan Rempah Alam Melayu dan Implikasinya kepada Pembangunan Ekonomi Komuniti Kontemporari
(Ancient Kedah: The Heritage of the Malay Spice Trade and Its Implications for Contemporary Community Economic Development)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32890/ahjmm2026.4.7Keywords:
Kedah Tua, perdagangan rempah, alam melayu Nusantara, warisan budaya, ekonomi komunitiAbstract
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menilai peranan kerajaan Kedah Tua dalam perdagangan rempah ratus di Alam Melayu Nusantara dan merekodkan potensi warisan maritim ini dalam proses pembangunan ekonomi komuniti kontemporari. Kedah Tua sebagai sebuah kerajaan maritime entreport yang terletak di laluan perdagangan Selat Melaka-Laut China Selatan telah terlibat dalam perdagangan antarabangsa sejak sebelum Masihi menjadikan ada kemungkinan kerajaan ini memainkan peranan terhadap perdagangan rempah di Alam Melayu. Bagi memperlengkapkan kajian, metodologi kajian seperti meneliti literatur akademik, dokumen sejarah dan laporan arkeologi telah dilakukan. Hasil kajian mendedahkan walaupun bukti arkeologi langsung untuk komoditi rempah Kedah Tua adalah terhad, namun berdasarkan kedudukan geografi Kedah Tua dan konteks perdagangan serantau menunjukkan kemungkinan ada penglibatan kritikal Kedah Tua dalam perdagangan rempah, di samping terdapat bukti ketara pengeluaran besi, struktur pelabuhan dan artifak lain di Lembah Bujang dan Sungai Batu yang menunjukkan kawasan ini sebagai lokasi perdagangan utama. Oleh yang demikian, kajian ini menyatakan bahawa Kedah Tua merupakan nod penting dalam rangkaian perdagangan maritim Nusantara, yang memperdagangkan pelbagai komoditi termasuk rempah ratus, besi dan sumber hutannya. Warisan maritimnya berpotensi untuk meningkatkan pelancongan warisan, identiti negara dan ekonomi kreatif di Malaysia. Oleh itu, kajian ini menawarkan pemahaman bersepadu tentang sejarah maritim Kedah Tua dan mengetengahkan peluang dan cabaran untuk memanfaatkan warisan ini dalam Malaysia kontemporari. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada pemahaman historiografi maritim Kedah Tua dengan menghubungkan warisan perdagangan rempah kepada pembangunan identiti nasional, pelancongan warisan dan pemerkasaan ekonomi komuniti kontemporari.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze and evaluate the role of the Kedah Tua government in the spice trade within the Nusantara Malay Realm, and to record the potential of this maritime heritage in the economic development process of the contemporary community. Ancient Kedah, as a maritime entrepôt kingdom located on the Straits of Malacca-South China Sea trade route, has been involved in international trade since before Christ, making it possible for this kingdom to play a study aims to analyze and evaluate the role of the ancient role in the spice trade in the Malay Archipelago. To complete the study, research methodologies such as reviewing academic literature, historical documents, and archaeological reports The study employed research methodologies such as reviewing academic literature, historical documents, and archaeological reports. The results of the study revealed that although direct archaeological evidence for the spice commodity of ancient Kedah is limited, based on the geographical position of ancient Kedah and the regional trade context, ancient Kedah may have been critically involved in the spice trade, in addition to there being significant evidence of iron production, port structures, and other artifacts in the Bujang Valley that indicate this area as a major trading location. Therefore, this study states that ancient Kedah is an important node in the maritime trade network of the Nusantara, which trades various commodities, including spices, iron, and its forest resources. Its maritime heritage has the potential to enhance heritage tourism, national identity, and the creative economy in Malaysia. Therefore, this study offers an integrated understanding of the maritime history of ancient Kedah and highlights the opportunities and challenges for harnessing this heritage in contemporary Malaysia. This study contributes to the understanding of the maritime historiography of ancient Kedah by linking the legacy of the spice trade to the development of national identity, heritage tourism, and the economic empowerment of contemporary communities.
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