TY - JOUR AU - Kumon, Hiroshi PY - 1997/12/01 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - The Japanese Production System and Its International Transferability JF - Malaysian Management Journal JA - MMJ VL - 2 IS - 2 SE - Articles DO - UR - https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/mmj/article/view/8547 SP - 55-71 AB - <div>The Japanese production system has an ethnic or national basis. There are considered to be three&nbsp;production components of the system-shop-floor-centred work organization, waste-free production control,&nbsp;and participative management in the context of cooperative labour relations. For each of these, it is possible&nbsp;to set up a Japanese-type'.&nbsp;The author is conducting research into the overseas operations of Japanese subsidiaries in automobile&nbsp;assembly. Japanese multinational enterprises presumably try to apply the system to their overseas operations&nbsp;to take advantage of its strengths; however, given that they have moved into a foreign country, presumably&nbsp;Japanese enterprises have to adapt to the management environment of the local area. This research&nbsp;investigates the following questions: (i) Does this 'application' and 'adaptation' result in a dilemma? (ii)&nbsp;What is actually being applied and what has not been possible to apply? (iii) How well is the balance&nbsp;between 'application' and 'adaptation' being achieved? According to surveys of Japanese manufacturing&nbsp;plants in North America, Asia, and Europe, the application of the system is possible. Of course this does not mean that it can be applied 100%. The pattern of application varies according to the management&nbsp;strategy of the Japanese enterprises.</div><p>&nbsp;</p> ER -