THE EFFECT OF SPIRITUALITY IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN MALAYSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32890/jtom2019.14.1.3Keywords:
Sustainable behaviour, spirituality, knowledgeAbstract
The purpose of the study is to examine the predictors that influencing sustainable behaviour among students in public universities in Malaysia. For this reason, this paper seeks to address the research problem about the issue of the sustainability development due to the behaviour problems regarding the environmental issues. In the current globalization arena, government of each countries facing challenges and keep on finding the better ways to manage environmental problems that occurred in Malaysia and enhance sustainable behaviour among societies. For that governments in each countries including Malaysia have been spent huge amount of money for the development and program that increase awareness and knowledge among them. At this vein, investigation on factors that sustainable behaviour is important. Previous studies show little evidence about the relationship between sustainable behaviour and spirituality. Thus, this study found that spirituality plays effective role in influencing sustainable behaviour among students. Therefore, this study is the conceptual paper that addressing the effect of spirituality and knowledge in influencing sustainable behaviour among students
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References
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Asmuni, S., Mhd. Khalili, J., & Mohd. Zain, Z. (2012). Sustainable Consumption Practices of University Students in Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Asian Behavioural Studies, 2(6).
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Bran, F., Radulescu, C. V., & Ioan, I. (2013). Values and Environmental Ethics – Pillars of Changing Human Behaviour Toward Sustainable Development, (1).
Brant, D. W. (2010). Spirituality as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Self-care Practices and Perceived Stress Levels Among Lutheran Clergy.
Bratt, C. (1999). The Impact of Norms and Assumed Consequences on Recycling Behaviour. Environment and Behavior, 31(5), 630–656.
Busse, M., & Menzel, S. (2014). The role of perceived socio-spatial distance in adolescents’ willingness to engage in pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 412–420. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.10.002
Chen, T. B., & Chai, L. T. (2010). Attitude towards the Environment and Green Products : Consumers ’ Perspective. Management Science and Engineering, 4(2), 27–39.
Cordano, M., Welcomer, S., Scherer, R. F., Pradenas, L., & Parada, V. (2010). A Cross-Cultural Assessment of Three Theories of Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison Between Business Students of Chile and the United States. Environment and Behavior, 43(5), 634–657. doi:10.1177/0013916510378528
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De Leeuw, A., Valois, P., & Seixas, R. (2014). Understanding High School Students’ Attitude, Social Norm, Perceived Control and Beliefs to Develop Educational Interventions on Sustainable Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 1200–1209. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.160
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Fielding, K. S., McDonald, R., & Louis, W. R. (2008). Theory of planned behaviour, identity and intentions to engage in environmental activism. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(4), 318–326. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.03.003
Han, H. (2015). Travelers’ pro-environmental behavior in a green lodging context: Converging value-belief-norm theory and the theory of planned behavior. Tourism Management, 47, 164–177. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2014.09.014
Haron, S. A., Paim, L., & Yahaya, N. (2006). Towards sustainable consumption : an examination of environmental knowledge among Malaysians. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 29(5), 426–436.
Kinsley, D. R. (1995). Ecology and Religion: Ecological Spirituality in Cross-Cultural Perspective. Prentice Hall.
Kumar, B. (2012). A Theory of Planned Behaviour Approach to Understand the Purchasing Behaviour for Environmentally Sustainable Products. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabab.
Latif, S. A., Omar, M. S., Bidin, Y. H., & Awang, Z. (2013). Analyzing the Effect of Situational Factor on Recycling Behaviour in Determining the Quality of Life. Journal of Asian Behavioural Studies, 3(8).
Leeuw, A. De, Valois, P., & Seixas, R. (2014). Understanding High School Students ’ Attitude , Social Norm , Perceived Control and Beliefs to Develop Educational Interventions on Sustainable Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 1200–1209. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.160
Li-ming, A. K., & Wai, T. B. (2013). Exploring consumers’ green purchase behaviour towards online green advertising. The Macrotheme Review, 2(7), 60–81.
Lockhart, H. (2011). Spirituality and Nature in the Transformation to a More Sustainable World : Perspectives of South African Change Agents by Spirituality and Nature in the Transformation to a More Sustainable World : Perspectives of South African Change Agents.
Maathai, W. (2010). Replemishing the Earth: Spiritual Values for Healing Ourselves and The World. New York: Doubleday.
Matthies, E., Selge, S., & Klöckner, C. a. (2012). The role of parental behaviour for the development of behaviour specific environmental norms – The example of recycling and re-use behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(3), 277–284. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.04.003
Mckenzie, S. (2005). Social Sustainability, Religious Belief and Global Ethics: Outlines for Research. South Australia.
Md Razak, M. I., Ahmad, I., Bujang, I., Talib, A. H., & Ibrahim, Z. (2013). Economics of Air Pollution in Malaysia. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(13), 173–177.
Michalos, A. C., Creech, H., McDonald, C., & Kahlke, P. M. H. (2009). Measuring Knowledge , Attitudes and Behaviours towards Sustainable Development : Two Exploratory Studies operating support from the Government of Attitudes and Behaviours towards Sustainable Development : Two. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
Ministry of Housing and Local Government (2008). Why Recycle? [On-line]. Available: http://www.kpkt.gov.my/kitarsemula/Why.asp. [Access on 28-09-2008]
Najera, M. (2010). Sustainability in Higher Education, An explorative approach on sustainable behavior in two universities. Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Niaura, A. (2013). Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Investigate the Determinants of Environmental Behavior among Youth, 1(63), 74–81.
Onwezen, M. C., Antonides, G., & Bartels, J. (2013). The Norm Activation Model: An exploration of the functions of anticipated pride and guilt in pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, 141–153. doi:10.1016/j.joep.2013.07.005
Osman, A. (2012). Environmental Behaviour Among University Students: The Application of Theory of Planned Behaviour Model. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Pedro, Ã. S., & Pedro, V. M. (2010). Developing sustainable environmental behavior in secondary education students (12-16) Analysis of a didactic strategy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 3568–3574. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.553
Rai, P., Srivastava, P. K., & Shukla, S. (2014). Developing a Connect between Spiritual Ecology and Sustainability in theUniversity Curriculum through an Empirical Study, 1(2), 252–274.
Rockefeller, S. C., & Elder, J. C. (1992). Spirit and Nature - Why the Environment is a Religious Issue: An Interfaith Dialogue. Boston: Beacon Press.
Said, A., Azura, N., & Fakhru’l-Razi. (2011). Impact of Environmental Education on Concern , Knowledge and Sustainable Behavior of Primary School Children. Health and the Environment Journal, 2(1), 50–53.
Said, A. M., Ahmadun, F.-R., & Paim, Laily Hj. and Masud, J. (2003). Environmental concerns, knowledge and practices gap among Malaysian teachers. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 4(4), 306–313.
Sawitri, D. R., Hadiyanto, H., & Hadi, S. P. (2015). Pro-environmental Behavior from a SocialCognitive Theory Perspective. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 23(Ictcred 2014), 27–33. doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.005
Schultz, P. W., & Oskamp, S. (1996). Effort as a Moderator of the Attitude-Behavior Relationship: General Environmental Concern and Recycling. Social Psychology Quarterly, 59(4), 375–383.
Syed Idros, S. N. (2014). Exploring Environmental Behaviours, Attitudes and Knowledge Among University Students: Positioning the Concept of Sustainable development within Malaysian Education. Journal of Science and Mathematics Education in S.E. Asia, 29(1), 79–97.
Tan, B.-C., Nasreen-Khan, Hong, Y.-H., & Lam, W.-H. (2015). The Influence of Environmental Values on Green Purchase Behaviour: Direct, Indirect, or Both? International Journal of Business and Management, 10(12), 234. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v10n12p234
Vaughan-Lee, L. (2013). Spritual Ecology: The Cry of The Earth. Retrieved June 29, 2013, from http://www.workingwithoneness.org/articles/spiritual-ecology-solution
Whitmarsh, L., & O’Neill, S. (2010). Green identity, green living? The role of pro-environmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 305–314. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.003
Zahari, N. (2012). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Penang.
Zuraidah, R., Nor Hashima, H., Wan Yahya, K., & Mohamad, S. A. (2012). Environmental Conscious Behaviour Among Male and Female Malaysian Consumers. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(8).
Afroz, R. & Rahman, A. (2017). Health impact of river water pollution in Malaysia. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 4(5), 78-85.
Aini, M.S., Fakhrul’l-Razi, A., Laily, H.P. & Jariah, M. (2003). “Environmental Concerns, Knowledge and Practice Gap among Malaysian Teachersâ€, International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, Volume 4, Issue 4, pp.305-313
Alias, R., Hashim, Z., Farzana, N., & Mariam, S. (2015). Energy Conservation Behaviour among University Students. Global Journal of Business and Social Science Review, 1(1), 271–279.
Andries, P. S. N., Plessis, J. du, & Al-shamaa, S. (2012). Exploring the Perceptions of Tertiary Students ’ Perceptions and Attitudes towards Environmental Sustainability. International Journal of Advances in Management Science, 1(3), 91–100.
Asmuni, S., Mhd. Khalili, J., & Mohd. Zain, Z. (2012). Sustainable Consumption Practices of University Students in Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Asian Behavioural Studies, 2(6).
Berry, P. (2009). Biodiversity in the Balance - Mitigation and Adoption Conflicts and Synergies. Moscow: Pensoft Sofia.
Bran, F., Radulescu, C. V., & Ioan, I. (2013). Values and Environmental Ethics – Pillars of Changing Human Behaviour Toward Sustainable Development, (1).
Brant, D. W. (2010). Spirituality as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Self-care Practices and Perceived Stress Levels Among Lutheran Clergy.
Bratt, C. (1999). The Impact of Norms and Assumed Consequences on Recycling Behaviour. Environment and Behavior, 31(5), 630–656.
Busse, M., & Menzel, S. (2014). The role of perceived socio-spatial distance in adolescents’ willingness to engage in pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 412–420. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2014.10.002
Chen, T. B., & Chai, L. T. (2010). Attitude towards the Environment and Green Products : Consumers ’ Perspective. Management Science and Engineering, 4(2), 27–39.
Cordano, M., Welcomer, S., Scherer, R. F., Pradenas, L., & Parada, V. (2010). A Cross-Cultural Assessment of Three Theories of Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison Between Business Students of Chile and the United States. Environment and Behavior, 43(5), 634–657. doi:10.1177/0013916510378528
Crowe, J. L. (2013a). Transforming Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours through Eco-spirituality and Religion. International Electronic Journal of Environmental Education, 3(1), 75–88.
Crowe, J. L. (2013b). Transforming Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours through Eco-spirituality and Religion, 3(1), 75–88.
Csutora, M., & Zsóka, Ã. (2012). Relation of spirituality to happiness , life satisfaction and sustainable lifestyles. In Spirituality and Sustainability: A New Path for Entrepreneurship (pp. 1–33).
De Leeuw, A., Valois, P., & Seixas, R. (2014). Understanding High School Students’ Attitude, Social Norm, Perceived Control and Beliefs to Develop Educational Interventions on Sustainable Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 1200–1209. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.160
Derahim, N., Hashim, H. S., Ali, N., Abdul, S. A., & Aziz, G. (2012). UKM’s Staff Perspective on Sustainability and Its Contribution Towards a Sustainable University. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 59, 376–381. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.289
Fielding, K. S., McDonald, R., & Louis, W. R. (2008). Theory of planned behaviour, identity and intentions to engage in environmental activism. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(4), 318–326. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.03.003
Han, H. (2015). Travelers’ pro-environmental behavior in a green lodging context: Converging value-belief-norm theory and the theory of planned behavior. Tourism Management, 47, 164–177. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2014.09.014
Haron, S. A., Paim, L., & Yahaya, N. (2006). Towards sustainable consumption : an examination of environmental knowledge among Malaysians. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 29(5), 426–436.
Kinsley, D. R. (1995). Ecology and Religion: Ecological Spirituality in Cross-Cultural Perspective. Prentice Hall.
Kumar, B. (2012). A Theory of Planned Behaviour Approach to Understand the Purchasing Behaviour for Environmentally Sustainable Products. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad. Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabab.
Latif, S. A., Omar, M. S., Bidin, Y. H., & Awang, Z. (2013). Analyzing the Effect of Situational Factor on Recycling Behaviour in Determining the Quality of Life. Journal of Asian Behavioural Studies, 3(8).
Leeuw, A. De, Valois, P., & Seixas, R. (2014). Understanding High School Students ’ Attitude , Social Norm , Perceived Control and Beliefs to Develop Educational Interventions on Sustainable Development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 1200–1209. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.160
Li-ming, A. K., & Wai, T. B. (2013). Exploring consumers’ green purchase behaviour towards online green advertising. The Macrotheme Review, 2(7), 60–81.
Lockhart, H. (2011). Spirituality and Nature in the Transformation to a More Sustainable World : Perspectives of South African Change Agents by Spirituality and Nature in the Transformation to a More Sustainable World : Perspectives of South African Change Agents.
Maathai, W. (2010). Replemishing the Earth: Spiritual Values for Healing Ourselves and The World. New York: Doubleday.
Matthies, E., Selge, S., & Klöckner, C. a. (2012). The role of parental behaviour for the development of behaviour specific environmental norms – The example of recycling and re-use behaviour. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 32(3), 277–284. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2012.04.003
Mckenzie, S. (2005). Social Sustainability, Religious Belief and Global Ethics: Outlines for Research. South Australia.
Md Razak, M. I., Ahmad, I., Bujang, I., Talib, A. H., & Ibrahim, Z. (2013). Economics of Air Pollution in Malaysia. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(13), 173–177.
Michalos, A. C., Creech, H., McDonald, C., & Kahlke, P. M. H. (2009). Measuring Knowledge , Attitudes and Behaviours towards Sustainable Development : Two Exploratory Studies operating support from the Government of Attitudes and Behaviours towards Sustainable Development : Two. International Institute for Sustainable Development.
Ministry of Housing and Local Government (2008). Why Recycle? [On-line]. Available: http://www.kpkt.gov.my/kitarsemula/Why.asp. [Access on 28-09-2008]
Najera, M. (2010). Sustainability in Higher Education, An explorative approach on sustainable behavior in two universities. Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Niaura, A. (2013). Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Investigate the Determinants of Environmental Behavior among Youth, 1(63), 74–81.
Onwezen, M. C., Antonides, G., & Bartels, J. (2013). The Norm Activation Model: An exploration of the functions of anticipated pride and guilt in pro-environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 39, 141–153. doi:10.1016/j.joep.2013.07.005
Osman, A. (2012). Environmental Behaviour Among University Students: The Application of Theory of Planned Behaviour Model. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Pedro, Ã. S., & Pedro, V. M. (2010). Developing sustainable environmental behavior in secondary education students (12-16) Analysis of a didactic strategy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 3568–3574. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.553
Rai, P., Srivastava, P. K., & Shukla, S. (2014). Developing a Connect between Spiritual Ecology and Sustainability in theUniversity Curriculum through an Empirical Study, 1(2), 252–274.
Rockefeller, S. C., & Elder, J. C. (1992). Spirit and Nature - Why the Environment is a Religious Issue: An Interfaith Dialogue. Boston: Beacon Press.
Said, A., Azura, N., & Fakhru’l-Razi. (2011). Impact of Environmental Education on Concern , Knowledge and Sustainable Behavior of Primary School Children. Health and the Environment Journal, 2(1), 50–53.
Said, A. M., Ahmadun, F.-R., & Paim, Laily Hj. and Masud, J. (2003). Environmental concerns, knowledge and practices gap among Malaysian teachers. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 4(4), 306–313.
Sawitri, D. R., Hadiyanto, H., & Hadi, S. P. (2015). Pro-environmental Behavior from a SocialCognitive Theory Perspective. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 23(Ictcred 2014), 27–33. doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2015.01.005
Schultz, P. W., & Oskamp, S. (1996). Effort as a Moderator of the Attitude-Behavior Relationship: General Environmental Concern and Recycling. Social Psychology Quarterly, 59(4), 375–383.
Syed Idros, S. N. (2014). Exploring Environmental Behaviours, Attitudes and Knowledge Among University Students: Positioning the Concept of Sustainable development within Malaysian Education. Journal of Science and Mathematics Education in S.E. Asia, 29(1), 79–97.
Tan, B.-C., Nasreen-Khan, Hong, Y.-H., & Lam, W.-H. (2015). The Influence of Environmental Values on Green Purchase Behaviour: Direct, Indirect, or Both? International Journal of Business and Management, 10(12), 234. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v10n12p234
Vaughan-Lee, L. (2013). Spritual Ecology: The Cry of The Earth. Retrieved June 29, 2013, from http://www.workingwithoneness.org/articles/spiritual-ecology-solution
Whitmarsh, L., & O’Neill, S. (2010). Green identity, green living? The role of pro-environmental self-identity in determining consistency across diverse pro-environmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 305–314. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.01.003
Zahari, N. (2012). Investigating the Determinants of Recycling Behaviour among Secondary School Students in Penang.
Zuraidah, R., Nor Hashima, H., Wan Yahya, K., & Mohamad, S. A. (2012). Environmental Conscious Behaviour Among Male and Female Malaysian Consumers. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(8).
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27-06-2019
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Hassan, N., Othman, S. N., & Yaacob, N. A. (2019). THE EFFECT OF SPIRITUALITY IN PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES IN MALAYSIA. Journal of Technology and Operations Management, 14(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.32890/jtom2019.14.1.3
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