The Influence of Human Capital on Company Performance: A Preliminary Study of Telekom Malaysia

Authors

  • Mobamad Hanapi Mohamad Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia
  • Mazlan Ismail Telekom Malaysia, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32890/jis2007.3.7

Abstract

The telecommunication industry has entered a very competitive environment for the past few decades and the industry has been deregulated. The Malaysian government has established a vision to be a developed nation by year 2020 and the deregulation of telecommunication services is one of the most important steps towards achieving that vision. To achieve the aspiration and realise the vision of making Malaysia a developed nation, and to survive in this highly competitive and challenging business environment, Telekom Malaysia has to be competitive, dynamic and robust. With the advancement made in the telecommunication technology, with the formation of various forms of business coalitions between local telecommunication services operators and other worldclass telecommunication companies, the challenge for the business survival of Telekom Malaysia is inevitable. Thus Telekom Malaysia that holds 97% of the market share of the fixed telecommunication services, 39% of the mobile services and 54% of the internet customers in Malaysia customers (Malaysian Communication & Multimedia Commission, 2004) has to maximize the utilisation of Telekom Malaysia's resources, especially it's intellectual capital. As a former government department, Telekom Malaysia has inherited the 28,000 employees, all the systems, technologies, business network and customers of Jabatan Telekom Malaysia. In 1996, the value of the human capital in Telekom Malaysia which in this case refers to only the salaries and allowances to the employees, stood at RM 836 million and in 2003, the value of its human capital was RM 1,412 million, an increase by 69% within seven years (Telekom Malaysia Annual Report, 1996, 2003). That is only in term of salaries and allowances, how about long-term relationship, know-how and others? This means that the only way for Telekom Malaysia to have an edge over its competitors will be to develop and put greater the use of its intellectual assets.

 

References

Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali (1975). “Ihya Ulumuddin”. Kaherah: Darul Shaab

Al-Buraey M.A. (2004). The impact of Value-Based Managerial Leadership On The Development Of Ummah In Islamic Countries. International Seminar on Value-Based Total Performance. 1-2 July 2004. Kuala Lumpur: Institute of Islamic Understanding Malaysia.

Al-Ghazali (1992). Penenang Jiwa.Pengubatan & Rawatan. Kuala Lumpur: Thinker's Library Sdn.Bhd. Journal of International Studies 2007 Vol, 3/2007

Andriessen D. & Tissen R. (2000). Weightless Wealth; Find Your Real Value in Future of Intangible Assets. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall.

Andriessen D. (2001). Weightless Wealth: Four Modifications to Standard IC Theory, Journal of Intellectual Capital Vol. 2 No.3: 204-214.

Arthur B.(1996).Increasing Returns and the new World of Business. Harvard Business Review. July-August: 100-

Bethune G. & Huler S. (1998), From Worst to First, Behind the Scene's of Continental's Remarkable Comebacks. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Bierly III P.E and Daly P. (2002). Aligning Human Resource Management Practices and Knowledge Strategies, A Theoretical Framework. In: Choo C. W. and Bontis N. The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital & Organisational Knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 277—295. Head, Hands &Habits. Tennesse: J. Countryman.

Bontis N. ed. (2002). World Congress on Intellectual Capital Reading. United States: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Bontis N. (2001), Managing Organizational Knowledge by Diagnosing Intellectual Capital: Framing & Advancing the State of the Field. In: Choo C. W. and

Bontis N. eds.(2003) The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital & Organisational Knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc. 621-642.

Bontis Nick (1998), Intellectual Capital: An Exploratory Study That Develops

Measures and Models, Management Decision. 36/2 (1998): 63-76.

Bontis N. (1999), Managing and Organising Learning System by Aligning Stocks and Flows of Knowledge; An Empirical Examination of Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management and Business Performance. University of Western Ontario: PhD. Thesis.

Bontis N., Keow W.C.C. & Richardson S. (2000). Intellectual Capital and Business Performance in Malaysian Industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Vol.1, No.1: 85-100.

Boyett J.H. & Boyett J.T. (2001). The Guru Guide to the Knowledge Economy The Best Ideas for operating Profitability in a Hyper-Competitive World. USA: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Brooking A (1996). Intellectual Capital, Core Asset for the Third Millennium Enterprise. London: International Thomson Business Press.

Buzan T. (2001). The Power of Spiritual Intelligence. London: Harper Collins Publishers Ltd.

Chatzkel J. (2002). Intellectual Capital. United Kingdom: Capstone Publishing

Chatzkel J. (2003). The collapse of Enron and the role of IC. Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 4, No.2: 127-143.

Choo C.W. and Bontis N. eds. (2002), The Strategic Management of Intellectual Capital and Organisational Knowledge. United States: Oxford University Press.

Creswell J.W. (2003). Research Design. Quantitative, Qualitative & Mixed Method Approaches. 2™ edition. United States: SAGE Publications

Denscombe M. (1998). The Good Research Guide, For Small-Scale Social Research Projects. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Denscombe M. (2002). Ground Rules for Good Research. A 10 Point Guide for Social Researchers. England: Open University Press

Despain J. and Converse B. J. (2003)....And Dignity for All, Unlocking Greatness with Values-Based Leadership. New Jersey: Financial Times Prentice Hall.

Edvinson L. (1997). “Developing intellectual capital at Skandia”. Long RangePlanning Vol. 30 No. 3: 266—273

Edvinson L. & Malone M.S. (1997). Intellectual Capital: Realising Your Company’s True Value by Finding Its Hidden Brainpower. New York: HarperBusiness. Studying spirituality and religion in organisation. Journal of Organisational Change Management. Vol.14. No. 4: 335-351.

Gardner H. (1999). Intelligence Reframed; Multiple Intelligence for the 21°‘ Century. New York: Basic Book.

Gerstner L. V.Jr. (2002). Who Says Elephant Can’t Dance? Inside IBM's Historic Turnaround. San Francisco: Harper Business.

Hayton J. C. (2002). The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Entrepreneurial Orientation in High Technology New Ventures. Georgia State University, Atlanta: PhD. Thesis.

Hubert & Stuart D.(1984). From Socrates to Expert System.Technology in Society. Vol. 6: 217

Itami H. and Roehl T.W.(1991). Mobilising Invincible Assets. Cambridge: Harvard University Press (reprint edition)

Jaworski,B.J. and Kohli, A.K.(1993).”Market orientation: Antecedents and consequences”, Journal of Marketing, (July) 1993: 53-70. Journal of International Studies 2007 Vol, 3/2007

Kaplan R.S. & Norton D.P. (1996). The Balanced Scorecard. United States: President & Fellows of Harward College.

Lesser L.E. ed. (2000), Knowledge and Social Capital, Foundation & Application. United State: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Lucas J.R. (1999). The Passionate Organization. New York: Amacom. Malaysian Communication & Multimedia Commission. Country Status Update Report ~ Malaysia. Asian Info-Communications Council 30" Conference. 12—16 April 2004. Kuala Lumpur. Asian Info-Communication Council. 2004. Document no. 82.

Marr B., Schiuma G. & Neely A. (2002), Assessing strategic knowledge assets in e-business, International Journal of Business Performance Management. Vol.4, No.2/3/4: 279-295,

Marr B., Schiuma.G. & Neely A. (2003). The Dynamic of Value Creation-Mapping Your Intellectual Performance Drivers. The Centre for Business Performance, Cranfield School of Management. “Unpublished”

Mayo A. (2000). The role of employee development in the growth of intellectual capital. Personnel Review.Vol. 29 No.4: 521-533.

Merriam S.B. (1997). Qualitative Research and Case Study Application in Education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Mouritsen (1998). “Driving growth: Economic value added verses intellectual capital”. Management Academy Research. Vol. 9, No.4: 461-483.

Mouritsen J., Larsen H.T, Bukh P.N. & Johanson M.R. (2001). Reading on Intellectual Capital Statement. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Vol.2, No.4: 359-383.

Mouritsen J & Larsen H.T. (2001). Valuing the Future: Intellectual Capital Supplements at Skandia. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal. Vol.14, No.4: 399-422.

Narver,J.C. and Slater,S.F.(1990).The effect of a market orientation on business profitability, Journal of Marketing. (October), 1990: 20-35

Nonaka I. & Takeuchi H. (1995). The knowledge creating company. New York: Oxford University Press.

Noor I. (1999). Prophet Muhammad ‘s Leadership. The Paragon of Excellence Altruistic Management. A cross-application to modern management & leadership practice. Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publications & Distributors Sdn. Bhd. Journal of International Studies 2007 Val 3/2007

Petty R. & Guthrie J. (2000), Intellectual Capital Literature Review: Measurement, Reporting and Management. Journal of Intellectual Capital Vol 1 No.2: 155-176.

Robson C, (2002), Real world Research: A Resource for Social Scientist & Practitioners-Researchers 2" edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Roos J., Roos G., Dragonetti N.C., Edvinson L. (1997). Intellectual Capital: Navigating in the New Business Landscape. London: Macmillan

Saint-Onge H. (1996). “Tacit knowledge: The key to strategic alignment of intellectual capital”. Planning Review. Vol. 24, No.2: 10-14

Saint-Onge H.(2002). “Knowledge & Learning — The Two Sides of One Coin”. Knowledge Management Asia 2002. 16-18.7.2002. Singapore: Arkgroup Asia.

Salam S. (1981). Imam Ali — Hero of the People. Singapore: Al-Haramain Pte.Ltd.

Shook Shane D.(2002). Analyst and Investment Broker Attitude of Intellectual Capital Value. Capella University: PhD. Thesis.

Stauffer D. (2000), Business the Cisco Way, Secret of the Company that Makes the Internet. United kingdom: Capstone Publishing Ltd.

Stewart T.A. (1997). Intellectual Capital; The New Wealth of Organization. New York: Doubleday

Stewart T.A. (2001). The Wealth of Knowledge. Great Britain : Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

Sullivan P.H. (1998). Profiting from Intellectual Capital; Extracting Value from Innovation. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Sveiby K. E. (1989). The Invincible Balance Sheet. Stockholm: The Konrad Group.

Sveiby K. E. (1997), The New Organisational Wealth, Managing & Measuring Knowledge-Based Assets. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Sveiby K.E. (2001). A Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm to Guide in Strategy Formulation. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Vol. 2 No.4: 344-358.

Sveiby K.E. (2003). Strategy in the Knowledge Economy, Business as if Knowledge Matters. 24" McMaster World Congress 2003. 15—17 January 2003. Hamilton: McMaster World Congress.

Taylor S.J. and Bogdan R. (1998). Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods, A Guidebook and Resources,3™ edition. New York. John Wiley & Sons. fornmnel of international Studies 2007 Val. 3/2007

Teece D.J. (1998). “ Capturing value from knowledge assets, the new economy markets for know-how and intangibles assets”. California Management Review. Vol. 40 No.3: 55-79 Telekom Malaysia Annual Report 1996, Kuala Lumpur: Telekom Malaysia. Telekom Malaysia Annual Report 2003. Kuala Lumpur: Telekom Malaysia.

Walker D.C. (2001). Exploring the Human Capital Contribution to Productivity Profitability and Market Evaluation of the Firm. Webster University: DBa. Thesis.

Yin R. (1994). Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 2" edition. Newsbury Park, CA: SAGE Publication, Inc.

Youndt M. A. (1998). Human Resource Management System, Intellectual Capital and Organizational Performance. Pennsylvania State University: PhD. Thesis.

Zack M.H.( 1996).Knowledge Management and Collaboration Technologies. Knowledge and Strategy, Knowledge Strategy Group Inc. & Lotus Institute: 1 —12.

Zohar D. and Marshal 1. (2001). SQ: Connecting with Our Spiritual Intelligence. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Zohar D. and Marshall I. (2004). Spiritual Capital: Wealth We Can Live By. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.

Downloads

Published

02-12-2007

How to Cite

Mohamad, M. H., & Ismail, M. (2007). The Influence of Human Capital on Company Performance: A Preliminary Study of Telekom Malaysia. Journal of International Studies, 3, 106-136. https://doi.org/10.32890/jis2007.3.7