Journal of Governance and Development (JGD)

URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA: A REVIEW OF LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK

Dani Salleh — 2024-01-11

The presence of urban rivers poses significant challenges for local authorities in their efforts to create sustainable and habitable urban
river environments. This situation has led to various repercussions for the health of urban river ecosystems. To mitigate these issues,
it is imperative that development projects’ environmental impacts are effectively managed by the relevant authorities, ensuring the
sustainability of urban development and urbanization. It is worth emphasizing that in environmentally sensitive areas, particularly when planning large projects, the consideration of environmental factors should be a top priority. As such, this discussion will focus on how local planning authorities in the country devise strategies to address the challenges associated with urban river development projects.

GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS TO TAP ONLINE USER’S POTENTIAL AND ALLOW THEM TO USE IT FOR DIGITAL MARKETING AND BECOME DIGITAL AMBASSADORS

Muhammad Younus — 2024-01-11

The purpose of the study in this paper is to provide details regarding the initiatives and programs for utilizing the untapped potentials of the users present on different social media sites by training them or guiding them to use their energy in something which will bring good results for them and make them digital influencers. Researchers who are working effectively in this research field are utilizing the qualitative research method. The research data related to it was obtained from Amazon programs, blogs, social media, and e-commerce sites, and it is shared descriptively. The finding from this paper indicates that the creation of programs like this will undoubtedly benefit social media users and improve the way social media is currently used by most people. The way forward to make it possible, multiple hurdles need to be passed for successfully implementing this program. The paper will be limited to the extent to which the motive behind it is clearly described, then describe the possible ways for creating this program and how it will work, and lastly, what effect the initiative will have on the social media users and the e-commerce market.

BUILDING A FRAMEWORK FOR ELECTION EDUCATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Zuliana Azwa Zulkifli — 2024-01-11

This paper presents a framework for educating university students on political issues during elections, with a specific focus on the impact of the Undi18 campaign. This campaign enables 18-year-olds to vote or contest in elections and has had a significant effect on the democratic landscape in Malaysia, as evidenced by its implementation during the PRU-15 election. The framework comprises two critical components: (1) evaluating university students’ perspectives on elections in Malaysia, and (2) measuring the extent of university students’ knowledge about political issues during elections. The framework has been developed by reviewing the current literature on election education and is intended to be adaptable for use in various educational contexts and by instructors from different fields. The aim is to enhance the level of political awareness and engagement among university students and to promote the strengthening of democratic processes.

AUDIT CERTIFICATE AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTABILITY INDEX LEVEL OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN KEDAH, 2002-2019

Zuriana Zahrin — 2024-01-11

Financial Management Accountability Index is a government indicator to empowers the level of financial compliance of public agencies. Previous studies often outlined issues related to leakage and misuse of funds among public officials. Therefore, this article generally examines the financial management performance of Local Authorities or Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan (PBT) in Kedah for the year 2002 to 2019. Several years of data were obtained from the National Audit Report and descriptive analysis in the form of patterns and trends was made to identify the type of audit certificate and accountability index score (IA) of financial management issued by the National Audit Department (JAN) on financial reporting of 11 PBTs in Kedah. The results show that there are no significant differences from the findings by other researchers in the last two decades. It has been found that the majority of 63 per cent (n = 7) PBTs still get a Reprimanded Certificate (UO), often involving record registers such as Vote Book, Capital Assets Register, and Log Book that is not satisfactorily maintained in addition to expenses over approved allocation. However, the overall IA issued by JAN from 2007 to 2019 showed an “Excellent” score of 33.9 per cent (n = 20), a “Good” of 59.3 per cent (n = 35) and a “Satisfactory” of 6.8 per cent (n = 4 ) to 11 PBTs in Kedah. During those 18 years, most of the PBTs in Kedah worked to increase the level of accountability and compliance of their respective financial management shown by better records every year.

THE WINDS OF CHANGE: HOW GOVERNMENT-LED PROGRAMS ARE TRANSFORMING THE ORANG ASLI COMMUNITY

Rosfaraliza Azura Ramli — 2024-01-11

The Orang Asli community, Orang Asli Malaysia, has long faced socioeconomic challenges due to being marginalized and isolated from
mainstream society. However, the government’s efforts to implement socioeconomic development programs have brought significant
positive changes to their communities. This paper examines the impact of the government-led program on the Orang Asli community,
particularly in settlement, economy, and social. This study focuses on the Organized Settlement Program, Economic Development Program and Social Development Program. This study uses data from government reports, academic publications, and interviews
with members of the Orang Asli community. Findings show that government-led programs have increased access to education, better
economic opportunities, and better health care services for Aboriginal people. The study also highlighted the challenges that remain in trying to fully address the socioeconomic gap the Orang Asli community faces. Overall, this paper provides insight into the transformative power of government-led programs in addressing the socioeconomic challenges faced by marginalized communities and the importance of continued efforts to promote equitable and sustainable development.

CONTRIBUTION OF INFORMAL STREET VENDORS TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE DURING POST-COVID 19 PANDEMIC

Norlaila Abdullah Chik — 2024-01-11

This paper discusses the contribution of informal street vendors to local government revenue generation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Informal street vendors usually develop businesses to sell something and earn an income. They not only generate their income but also generate revenue for the local government. The main objective of local governments is to maintain and improve their efficiency. Therefore, this study aims to understand how informal street vendors contribute to the revenue of Kubang Pasu municipal in the short term, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study covers 50 street vendors in Kubang Pasu. The results of the study show that there are only two (2) independent variables that affect the dependent variable. First, the relationship between affordable licenses and Kubang Pasu Municipal’s revenue shows a positive (0.301) and significant (0.019) relationship at a 0.050 level of significance, which means that the more affordable licenses issued, the higher the Kubang Pasu municipal revenue. Second, the relationship between the current post-pandemic business situation and Kubang Pasu municipal’s revenue shows a positive (0.541) and significant (0.058) relationship at the 0.10 level of significance, which means that the more accessible the business situation is in the post-pandemic period, the higher Kubang Pasu Municipal’s revenue will be. The newly developed revenue source will secure local government revenues in the long term and avoid budget deficits. Kubang Pasu Municipal needs to create new revenue sources, as they are still among the local governments with low revenue sources compared to local governments in other states.