Determinants of Consumer Purchase Behaviour of Pirated Music CDs In Mainland Tanzania: A PLS SEM Approach

Determinants of Consumer Purchase Behaviour of Pirated Music CDs In Mainland Tanzania: A PLS SEM Approach

Authors

  • Hellena Mohamedy Mushi Mzumbe University Tanzania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32890/gbmr2019.11.1.9321

Keywords:

Subjective Norm, Idolantry, Intention, Purchase Behavior, Tanzania

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of subjective norms , idolatry and intentions of consumer purchase behaviour of pirated music CDs in Tanzania. In order to empirically test the hypotheses of the study, questionnaires were distributed to 491 users of pirated music CDs in Tanzania. The data from the questionnaires were analyzed using PLS- SEM. The results of the study revealed that subjective norm and intention are positively related to consumer purchase behaviour. On the other hand, idolatry has a negative relationship with purchase behaviour. The results of this study will be useful for marketers, businessman and music promoters when identifying the factors that are to be considered when intending to improve the level of sales among music CDs users in Tanzania. It will also assist the policy makers to come up with policies especially in the area of norms so as to improve the rate of sales. The findings of this study may benefit music marketers, producers and practitioners in their marketing communication to design their music strategies in the Tanzania context.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adeleke1, A. Q., Bahaudin, A. Y., & Kamaruddeen, A. M. (2015). A Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM) Preliminary Analysis on Organizational Internal and External Factors Influencing Effective Construction Risk Management among Nigerian Construction Industries. ,. Revista Técnica de La Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad Del Zulia, 38(3), 143–155.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behaviour. Organisational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. englewood cliffs, nj: prentice-hall, inc.
Ajzen, Icek. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behav- ior. In Action control: From cognition to behavior, edited by J. Kuhl and J. Beckman, 11-39. Berlin: Springer-V erlag.
Ajzen, Icek, & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal -directed behaviour :attitudes, intentions and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453–474.
Albers-Miller, N. D. (1999). Consumer misbehavior: why people buy illicit goods. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 16, 273–287. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363769910271504
Alfadl, A., Ibrahim, M., & Hassali, M. (2012). Consumer behaviour towards counterfeit drugs in a developing country. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, 3, 165- 172.
All Africa dated 23rd May 2014 Tanzania: Fake substandard Goods pose risk to local industries www.allafrica.com
Anwar, N., Bahry, F., & Amran, N. (2015). Pirated software : the relationship between factors. Journal of Management Research, 7(2), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v7i2.6945
Arli, D., Tjiptono, F., & Porto, R. (2015). The impact of moral equity, relativism and attitude on individuals’ digital piracy behaviour in a developing country. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 33(3), 1–29.
Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (1999). The theory of planned behaviour: assessment of predictive validity and’perceived control. British Journal of Social Psychology, 38(1), 35-54.
Arvola, A., Vassallo, M., Dean, M., Lampila, P., Saba, A., Lähteenmäki, L., & Shepherd, R. (2008). Predicting intentions to purchase organic food: The role of affective and moral attitudes in the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Appetite, 50(2), 443-454.
Asif, M. F. (2013). Determinants of consumer’s behavioural intention for pirated music in pakistan. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 1(2), 56–66.
Babin, B. J., Chebat, J. C., & Michon, R. (2004). Perceived appropriateness and its effect on quality, affect and behavior. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 11(5), 287– 298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2003.09.002
Bartkus, E. V., & Akulavicius, M. (2015). The formation of digital piracy management business models in the music records industry. Journal of Arts & Humanities, 04(02), 11–19.
Bashir, S., Phau, I., & Ferguson, G. (2012). Exploring the role of theory of planned behaviour in music piracy. Espace.Library.Curtin.Edu.Au.
Bellini, S., Cardinali, M. G., & Grandi, B. (2017). A structural equation model of impulse buying behaviour in grocery retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 36, 164-171.
Bello, L. (2008). Consumer behaviour.
Berland, E. (2013). Intellectual property consumer surveys.
Bhattacharjee, S., Gopal, R., & Öberseder, M. (2003). Digital music and online sharing: software piracy 2.0? Communications of the ACM, 46(7), 107–111. https://doi.org/10.1145/792704.792707
Bian, X., & Moutinho, L. (2011). The role of brand Image, product involvement, and knowledge in explaining consumer purchase behaviour of counterfeits: direct and indirect effects. European Journal of Marketing, 45(1/2), 191–216. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561111095658
Blake, R. H., & Kyper, E. S. (2013). An investigation of the intention to share media files over peer-to-peer networks. Behaviour & Information Technology, 32(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2011.558591
Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with amos: basic concepts, applications, and programming. mahwah, new jersey: lawrence erlbaum associated.
Chang, M. K. (1998). Predicting unethical behaviour: a comparison of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(2), 1825– 1834.
Chatterjee, S. (2005). A model of unethical usage of information technology. In Proceedings of the 11th americas conference on information systems (Vol. 0, pp. 1–7).
Cheung, W. L., & Prendergast, G. (2006a). Buyers’ perceptions of pirated products: an exploratory study in china. Ed.Hkbu.Edu.Hk, 1–28.
Cheung, W. L., & Prendergast, G. (2006b). Buyers’ perceptions of pirated products in China. Marketing Intelligence & Planing, 24(5), 446–462.
Chiou, J. S., Huang, C. Y., & Chuang, M. C. (2005). Antecedents of taiwanese adolescents’ purchase intention toward the merchandise of a celebrity: the moderating effect of celebrity adoration. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145(3), 317–334.
Chiou, Jyh Shen, Huang, C. Y., & Lee, H. H. (2005). The antecedents of music piracy attitudes and intentions. Journal of Business Ethics, 57, 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551- 004-5263-6
Chiu, W., Lee, K., & Won, D. (2014). Consumer behavior towards counterfeit sporting goods. Social Behavior and Personality, 42(4), 615–624.
Choi, H., & Burnes, B. (2013). The internet and value co-creation: the case of the popular music industry. Prometheus, 31(1), 35–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/08109028.2013.774595
Cornwell, T. B., & Coote, L. V. (2005). Corporate sponsorship of a cause: the role of identification in purchase intent. Journal of Business Research, 58, 268–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(03)00135-8
Coyle, J. R., Gould, S. J., Gupta, P., & Gupta, R. (2009). “To buy or to pirate”: the matrix of music consumers’ acquisition-mode decision-making. Journal of Business Research, 62(10), 1031–1037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.05.002
Cronan, T. P., & Al-Rafee, S. (2008). Factors that influence the intention to pirate software and media. Journal of Business Ethics, 78, 527–545. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007- 9366-8
D’Astous, A., Colbert, F., & Montpetit, D. (2005a). Music piracy on the web – how effective are anti-piracy arguments? evidence from the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Journal of Consumer Policy, 28, 289–310.
D’Astous, A., Colbert, F., & Montpetit, D. (2005b). Music piracy on the web how effective are anti-piracy arguments? evidence from the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Consumer Policy, 28, 289–310.
d’Astous, A., Colbert, F., & Montpetit, D. (2005). Music piracy on the web - how effective are anti-piracy arguments? evidence from the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Consumer Policy, 28, 289–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-005-8489-5
de Matos, C. A., Ituassu, C. T., & Rossi, C. A. V. (2007). Consumer attitudes toward counterfeits: a review and extension. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 24(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760710720975
Dilmperi, A. (2013). Explaining consumers’ music preferences in a multi-channel framework: the case of music piracy school. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004
Downs, D. S., & Hausenblas, H. A. (2005). The theories of reasoned action and planned behavior applied to exercise: Aameta-analytic update. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 2, 76–97.
Economics, F. (2011). Estimating the global economic and social impacts of counterfeiting and piracy.A report commissioned by business action to stop counterfeiting and piracy . (BASCAP), An ICC Initiative. Analysis. Retrieved from www.iccwbo.org/bascap
Eisenberg, A. J., & Dhabi, N. . (2015a). Digital technology and the music recording industry in nairobi, kenya, (October 2015), 1–18.
Eisenberg, A. J., & Dhabi, N. A. (2015b). Digital technology and the music recording industry in nairobi, kenya. musdig.music.ox.ac.uk.
Mushi, H.M (2017). Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour in Purchasing Pirated Music Compact Discs in Tanzania Mainland (Thesis UUM)
Fekadu, Z., & Kraft, P. (2001). Self-identity in planned behavior perspective: past behavior and its moderating effects on self-identity–intention relations. Social Behavior and Personality, 29, 671–685.
Fernandes, C. (2013). Analysis of counterfeit fashion purchase behaviour in UAE. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 17(1), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612021311305155
Fetscherin, M. (2009). Importance of cultural and risk aspects in music piacy: a cross-national comparison among university students. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 10, 42–55. Retrieved from http://www.csulb.edu/journals/jecr/issues/20091/Paper4.pdf
Fetscherin, Marc. (2009). Importance of cultural and risk aspects in music piacy : a cross- national comparison among university students. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 10(1), 42–55.
Fishbein, A., & Ajzen., I. (1975). Belief,attitude, intention and behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research.Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
Fornell, C., & Larker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
Freestone, O., & Mitchell, V. (2004). Generation Y attitudes towards e-ethics and internet- related misbehaviours. Journal of Business Ethics, 54, 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-004-1571-0
Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: a review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, Inc, 11(2), 87–98.
Gopal, R. D., Sanders, G. L., Bhattacharjee, S., Agrawal, M., & Wagner, S. C. (2004). A behavioral model of digital music piracy. Journal of Organizational Computing and Electronic Commerce, 14, 89–105. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327744joce1402_01
Gunter, W. D., Higgins, G. E., & Gealt, R. E. (2010). Pirating youth: examining the Correlates of digital music piracy among adolescents. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 4(1), 657–671.
Gwinner, K., & Swanson, S. R. (2003). A model of fan identification: antecedents and sponsorship outcomes. Journal of Services Marketing, 17, 275–294. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040310474828
Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., & Biddle, S. J. (2002). A meta-analytic review of the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior in physical activity:predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Editorial-partial least squares structural equation modelling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. long range planning, 46(1–2), 1-12.
Hardy, W., Krawcyzyk, M., & Tyrowicz, J. (2013). Why is online piracy ethically different from theft ? a vignette experiment .
Hart, C. (1998). Doing a literature review: releasing the social science research imagination. london: sage publications.
Herjanto, H., Gaur, S., Saransomrurtai, C., & Quick, W. (2014). Allowing digital piracy for strategic benefits to businesire. International Journal of Economics and Statistics, 2, 108–118.
Jesse, T. (2015). Factors determining the intention to obtain music legally. A quantitative research approaching the contemporary behaviour of consumers toward the legal acquisition of music in Sweden.
Jirotmontree, A. (2013). Business ethics and counterfeit purchase intention : a comparative study on Thais and Singaporeans. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 119– 130. https://doi.org/10.1080/08961530.2013.803902
Joiner, R., Gavin, J., Duffield, J., Brosnan, M., Crook, C., Durndell, A., ... Lovatt, P. (2005). Gender , internet identification, and internet anxiety : correlates of internet use. Cyber Psychology& Behavior, 8(4), 371–378.
Karaganis, J. (2011). Media piracy in emerging economies. Lulu. com. Retrieved from http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace/handle/10438/8526
Karaganis, Joe. (2011). Media piracy in emerging economies. In Social science research council • media piracy in emerging economies (pp. 1–74).
Khadka, I. (2015). Software piracy: a study of causes, effects and preventive measures. Retrieved from http://theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/87274/Khadka_Ishwor.pdf?sequence=1
Kiksen, C. (2012). Behavioural insights into music piracy.
Kim, J. E., Cho, H. J., & Johnson, K. K. P. (2009). Influence of moral affect, judgment, and intensity on decision making concerning counterfeit, gray-market, and imitation products. Clothing & Textiles Research Journal.
Kumar, P. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of female consumer s’ attitude and lifestyle in facial care market.
Kwon, H. H., & Armstrong, K. L. (2002). Factors influencing impulse buying of sport team licenced merchandise. Sport Marketing Quartely, 11(3), 151–163.
Kwong, K. K., Yau, O. H. M., Lee, J. S. Y., Sin, L. Y. M., & Tse, A. C. B. (2003). The effects of attitudinal and demographic factors on intention to buy pirated cds: the case of chinese consumers. Journal of Business Ethics, 47, 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026269003472
Kwong, S. W., & Park, J. (2008). Digital music services: consumer intention and adoption. Service Industries Journal, 28(10), 1463–1481.
Kwong, T. C. H., & Lee, M. K. O. (2002). Behavioral intention model for the exchange mode Internet music piracy. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 00(c), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2002.994187
Lacher, K. ., & Mizerski, R. (1994). An exploratory study of the responses and relationships involved in the evaluation of, and in the intention to purchase new rock music. Journal of Consumer Research, Inc., 21(2), 366–380.
Lai, H. M. D. (2007). Internet piracy – a user behavioral perspective.
Lapinski, M. K., & Rimal, R. N. (2005). An explication of social norms. Communication
Theory, 15(2), 127–147. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/15.2.127
LaRose, R., & Kim, J. (2007). Share, steal, or buy? a social cognitive perspective of music downloading. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(2), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2006.9959
Larose, R., & Lange, R. (2006). Sharing or piracy ? an exploration of downloading behavior. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00001.x
Lee, K. (2009). Gender differences in Hong Kong adolescent consumers’ green purchasing behavior. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910940456
Limayem, M., Khalifa, M., & Chin, W. W. (2004). Factors motivating software piracy: a longitudinal study. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 51(4), 414–425. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2004.835087
Lin, T., Hsu, J., & Chen, H. (2013). Customer willingness to pay for online Music: the role of free mentality. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 104(4), 315–333. Retrieved from http://web.csulb.edu/journals/jecr/issues/20134/Paper3.pdf
Lin, X., Zeng, D., Cheng, L., & Wang, J. (2015). Study on the influence factors of music piracy in China based on sem model. In ieeexplore.ieee.org (pp. 1–6). Retrieved from http://www.scientific.net/KEM.364-366.903
Lin, Y. C. J. . (2011). Fake stuff: China and the rise of counterfeit goods. Routledge.
Lu, M. (2013). An investigation of consumer motives to purchase counterfeit luxury-branded products.
Lysonski, S., & Durvasula, S. (2008). Digital piracy of MP3s: consumer and ethical predispositions. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760810870662
Makulilo, A. (2013). Re-balancing artists’ rights in cell phone ringtones? An analysis of Tanzanian copyright. Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, 8(6), 474–479. https://doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpt058
Makulilo, Alex, & Boshe, P. (2013). Looks like copyright license but really it is not ’ -cosata and enforcement of copyright in tanzania. Open University Law Journal, 4(2), 120–132.
Martinsen, T. (2014). The Norwegian music industry: a frontrunner in digital distribution and consumption of music.
McCutcheon, L. E., Lange, R., & Houran, J. (2002). Conceptualization and measurement of celebrity worship. British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953), 93, 67–87. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712602162454
Mehta, K. T., & College, P. (2009). British music industry : a case study in music piracy. Journal of Business, 7(8), 107–114.
Millar, R., & Shevlin, M. (2003). Predicting career information-seeking behavior of school pupils using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 26–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00045-3
Mushi, H. M. (2016). Modelling Pirated Music Compact Discs (CDs) Purchase Behaviour In Tanzania Mainland. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics, and Management Studies, 4(10), 7–15.
Nova, F., Rahayu, D., & Handayani, E. (2015). The influence of consumer moral, risk perception, and consumer motive to consumer buying intention of pirated cds/dvds. International Journal of Education and Research, 3(9), 427–438.
Ouellet, J. F. (2007). The purchase versus illegal download of music by consumers: the influence of consumer response towards the artist and music. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 24(2), 107–119. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.16
Peace, A. G., Galletta, D. F., & Thong, J. Y. (2003). Software piracy in the workplace: a model and empirical test. Journal of Management Information Systems, 20(1), 153-177.
Pennings, J., & Smidts, A. (2015). Assessing of the Risk Construct Attitude Validity. Management Science, 46(10), 1337–1348.
Penz, E., & Stöttinger, B. (2005). Forget the “ real ” thing –take the copy ! an explanatory model for the volitional purchase of counterfeit products. Advances in Consumer Research, 32, 568–575.
Perullo, A., & Eisenberg, A. (2015). Musical property rights regimes in tanzania and kenya after trips. The SAGE handbook of intellectual property. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473910027.n9
Phau, I., Sequeira, M., & Dix, S. (2009). Consumers’ willingness to knowingly purchase counterfeit products. Direct Marketing:An International Journal, 3(4), 262-281.
Phau, Ian, & Ng, J. (2010). Predictors of usage intentions of prated software. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(1), 23–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0247-1
Phau, Ian, & Teah, M. (2009). Devil wears (counterfeit) Prada: a study of antecedents and outcomes of attitudes towards counterfeits of luxury brands. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 26, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760910927019
Plowman, S., & Goode, S. (2009). Factors affecting the intention to download music: quality perceptions and downloading intensity. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 49(4), 84–97.
Ramayah, T., Ahmad, N. H., Chin, L. G., & Lo, M.-C. (2009). Testing a causal model of internet piracy behavior among university students. European Journal of Scientific Research, 29(2), 206–214.
Reardon, S. A., Reardon, J., & Vida, I. (2012). Consumer decision model of intellectual property theft in emerging markets. Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, 3(1), 58–74.
Riekkinen, J., & Frank, L. (2014). Music piracy neutralization and the youth of the 2010 ’ s. In 27th Bled econference eEcosystems (pp. 44–54).
Ringle, C., Wende, S., & Will, A. S. (2005). 2.0 (beta). University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Ringle,.
Roux, A. Le, Bobrie, F., & Thébault, M. (2015). A typology of brand counterfeiting and imitation based on a semiotic approach ☆. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.08.007
Setiawan, B., & Tjiptono, F. (2013). Determinants of consumer intention to pirate digital products. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 5(3), 48–55. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v5n3p48
Shang, R. A., Chen, Y. C., & Chen, P. C. (2008). Ethical decisions about sharing music files in the p2p environment. Journal of Business Ethics, 80, 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9424-2
Sheehan, B., Tsao, J., & Yang, S. (2010). Motivations for gratifications of digital music piracy among college students motivations for gratifications of digital music piracy among college students. https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870.2010.521471
Sheeran, P. (2002). Intention behavior relations: a conceptual and empirical review. European Review of Social Psychology, 12(1), 1-36.
Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (1998). Do intentions predict condom use? meta-analysis and examination of six moderator variables. The British Journal of Social Psychology / the British Psychological Society, 37(pt 2), 231–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044- 8309.1998.tb01167.x
Shoham, A., Ruvio, A., & Davidow, M. (2008). (Un)ethical consumer behavior: Robin Hoods or plain hoods? Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(4), 200–210. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760810882399
Sinclair, G., & Green, T. (2016). Download or stream? steal or buy? developing a typology of today’s music consumer. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 15(1), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1526
Tan, M., & Teo, T. (2000). Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking. Association for Information Systems, 1(5), 1–42.
Tat, F. yik, Boon, G. S., Yi, N. X., & Chuan, Y. Y. (2012). Factors determining consumer purchasing behaviour of pirated media.
The Daily News dated 3rd June 2015, Over 65,000 Contraband Local, Foreign CDs, DVDs Confiscated http://allafrica.com/stories/201506030359.html
The Daily News dated 6th July 2015 Poor CD, DVD sales affect local film, music industries http://www.dailynews.co.tz/index.php/sport/46873-poor-cd-dvdsales-affect-local-film- music-industries
The Daily News dated 26th October 2013. Substandard goods flood Tanzania market, from www.dailynews.co.tz
Van Belle, J. P., Macdonald, B., & Wilson, D. (2014a). Determinants of digital piracy among youth in south africa. Communications of the IIMA, 7(3), 47–64.
Van Belle, J. P., Macdonald, B., & Wilson, D. (2014b). Determinants of digital piracy among youth in south africa. Communications of the Imma, 7(3), 47–64.
Wang, C. C., Chen, C.-T., Yang, S.-C., & Farn, C.-K. (2009). Pirate or buy? the moderating effect of idolatry. Journal of Business Ethics, 90, 81–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551- 009-0027-y
Wann, D. L., Royalty, J., & Roberts, A. (2000). The self- presentation of sport fans: investigating the impor- tance of team identification and self-esteem. Journal of Sport Behavior, 23(2), 198–206.
Wee, C. S., Ariff, M. S., Zakuan, N., & Tajudin, M. N. M. (2014). Consumers perception , purchase intention and actual purchase behavior of organic food products. Review of Integrative Business & Economics, 3(2), 378–397.
Weijters, B., & Goedertier, F. (2016). Understanding today ’ s music acquisition mix : A latent class analysis of consumers ’ combined use of music platforms. Marketing Letters, 1–13.
Wilks, J. (1986). The relative importance of parents and friends in adolescent decision making. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 15(4), 323-334.
Yoon, C. (2011). Theory of planned behavior and ethics theory in digital piracy: an integrated model. Journal of Business Ethics, 100, 405-417. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/d7v2nq
Young, M. R., DeSarbo, W. S., & Morwitz, V., G. (1998). The stochastic modeling of purchase intentions and behavior. Management Science, 44(2), 188–202.
Yue, X. D., Cheung, C. K., & Wong, D. S. W. (2010). From glamour-oriented idolatry to achievement-oriented idolatry: A framing experiment among adolescents in Hong Kong and Shenzhen. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 13, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2010.01295.x

Downloads

Published

30-06-2019

How to Cite

Mushi, H. M. (2019). Determinants of Consumer Purchase Behaviour of Pirated Music CDs In Mainland Tanzania: A PLS SEM Approach. Global Business Management Review (GBMR), 11(1), 28–62. https://doi.org/10.32890/gbmr2019.11.1.9321
Loading...