THE RISE OF ISLAMISM AND THE FUTURE OF INDONESIAN ISLAM
Keywords:
Islamism, Islamist movement, civil Islam, Muslim society, Islamist radicalism, peaceful Islamist mobilization, religious pluralismAbstract
Since the downfall of Suharto dictatorial regime in 1998, Indonesia has witnessed the upsurge of various Islamist groups that have in turn potentially threatened the country’s religious tolerance, civil Islam, and civic pluralism. While some have argued that the rise of these Islamist groupings could turn Indonesia into an intolerant Islamist country, this article argues that the Islamists will likely not be able to transform Indonesia into an Islamic State or Sharia–based government and society, nor receive popular support and winning the heart of Indonesian Muslim majority because of the following fundamental reasons: the groups’ internal and inherent weaknesses, unsolid alliances among the groups, lack of Islamist political parties, limited intellectual grounds of the movement, the accommodation of some influential Muslim clerics and figures into the central government body, as well as public opposition to the Islamist groups.
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Sidel, J. (2006). Riots, pogroms, jihad. Religious violence in Indonesia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
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_______ (2002). Genealogies of Islamic radicalism in post-Suharto Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 10 (20), 117-154.
Widhana, D. H. (2017). Teladan toleransi dari kampung Sawah. TIRTO, 17 September. Retrieved from https://tirto.id/teladan-toleransi-dari-kampung-sawah-cwKp.
Yildirim, A. K. (2016). Muslim democratic parties in the Middle East: Economy and Politics of Islamist Moderation. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
______ (2019). The 2019 election in Indonesia: The battle between “Jokowi Lovers†and “Jokowi Hatersâ€. The Maydan, April 24. https://www.themaydan.com/2019/04/the-2019-election-in-indonesia-the-battle-between-jokowi-lovers-and-jokowi-haters/
Bayat, A. (2013). Post-Islamism: The changing faces of political Islam. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Berridge, W.J. (2018). Islamism in the modern world: A historical approach. London: Bloomsbury.
Brauchler, B. (2009). Reconciling Indonesia: Grassroots agency for peace. London: Routledge.
______ (2015). The cultural dimension of peace: Decentralization and reconciliation in Indonesia. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Bubalo, A., & Fealy, G. (2005). Joining the caravan? The middle East, Islamism, and Indonesia. Australia: Lowry Institute for International Policy.
Bubalo, A., Phillips, A., and Yasmeen, S. (2011). Talib or Taliban? Indonesian students in Pakistan and Yemen. Australia: The Lowy Institute for International Policy.
Burhani, A. N. (2017). Ethnic minority politics in Jakarta’s Gubernatorial Election. Perspective 39, 1–6.
Duncan, C. (2013). Violence and vengeance: Religious conflict and its aftermath in Eastern Indonesia. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Fealy, G. (2004). Islamic radicalism in Indonesia: The faltering revival? Southeast Asian Affairs, 104–21.
Freer, C. (2018). Rentier Islamism: The influence of the muslim brotherhood in Gulf monarchies. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Harsono, A. (2019). Race, Islam and power: Ethnic and religious violence in post-Suharto Indonesia. Australia: Monash University Press.
Hatherell, M., & Welsh, A. (2017). Rebel with a Cause: Ahok and Charismatic Leadership in Indonesia. Asian Studies Review 41 (2), 174–90.
Hefner, R. W. (2000). Civil Islam: Muslims and Democratization in Indonesia. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Hegghammer, T. (2010). Jihad in Saudi Arabia: Violence and Pan-Islamism since 1979. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Hilmy, M. (2010). Islamism and democracy in Indonesia: Piety and pragmatism. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Hwang, J. C. (2009). Peaceful Islamist mobilization in the muslim world: What went right. London: Palgrave MacMillan.
______ (2018). Why terrorists quit: The disengagement of Indonesian Jihadists. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
International Crisis Group (2010). Christianization and intolerance. Policy Briefing No. 114, November 24, 1–18.
Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia (2016). Ikhtisar Eksekutif Laporan Tahunan Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama. Jakarta: Kementerian Agama RI.
Khalikin, A., & Fathuri (2016). Toleransi beragama di daerah Rawan konflik [Religious tolerance in conflict areas]. Jakarta: the Ministry of Religious Affairs.
Laffan, M. (2003). The tangled roots of Islamist activism in Southeast Asia. Cambridge Review of International Affairs 16 (3), 397–414.
Luth, T. (1999). M. Natsir: Dakwah dan pemikirannya [M. Natsir: Proselytizing and his thoughts]. Jakarta: Gema Insani.
Manuputty, J., Salampessy, Z., Ali-Fauzi, I., & Rafsadi, I. (2017). Basudara stories of peace from Maluku: Working together for reconciliation. Australia: Monash University Publishing.
Osman, T. (2017). Islamism: A history of political Islam from the fall of the Ottoman Empire to the rise of ISIS. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Platzdasch, B. (2009). Islamism in Indonesia: Politics in the emerging democracy. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Pringle, R. (2010). Understanding Islam in Indonesia: Politics and Diversity. Honolulu: Hawaii University Press.
Ramakrishna, K. (2014). Islamist terrorism and militancy in Indonesia: The power of the Manichean mindset. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
Ricklefs, M.C. (2012). Islamization and its opponents in Java. Singapore: NUS Press.
Sevea, Terenjit. (2009). Making Medinas in the East: Islamist connections and progressive Islam. In Feener, R.M. & T. Seeva (Eds.). Islamic Connections: Muslim Societies and South and Southeast Asia. (149-174). Singapore: ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute.
Shahibzadeh, Y. (2016). Islamism and Post-Islamism in Iran. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sharma, I. (2019). Contextualizing hate speech: A study of India and Malaysia. Journal of International Studies, 15, 133-144
Shehata, D. (2009). Islamists and Secularists in Egypt: Opposition, conflict and cooperation. London: Routledge.
Sidel, J. (2006). Riots, pogroms, jihad. Religious violence in Indonesia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Tibi, B. (2012). Islamism and Islam. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Van Bruinessen, M. ed. (2013). Contemporary developments in Indonesian Islam: Explaining the conservative turn. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
_______ (2002). Genealogies of Islamic radicalism in post-Suharto Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 10 (20), 117-154.
Widhana, D. H. (2017). Teladan toleransi dari kampung Sawah. TIRTO, 17 September. Retrieved from https://tirto.id/teladan-toleransi-dari-kampung-sawah-cwKp.
Yildirim, A. K. (2016). Muslim democratic parties in the Middle East: Economy and Politics of Islamist Moderation. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
Additional Files
Published
30-12-2020
How to Cite
Al Qurtuby, S. (2020). THE RISE OF ISLAMISM AND THE FUTURE OF INDONESIAN ISLAM. Journal of International Studies, 16, 105–128. Retrieved from https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/jis/article/view/jis2020.16.7
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